Water Migration and Segregated Ice Formation in Frozen Ground: Current Advances and Future Perspectives

Fu, Ziteng; Qingbai, WU; Zhang, Wenxing; He, Hailong; Wang, Luyang

doi:10.3389/feart.2022.826961

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 198 publications

(236 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the mechanism of hydrothermal coupling action during FT process by conducting laboratory tests, field observations and numerical simulations (Wang et al, 2022; Xu et al, 2020; Zhang, Wu, et al, 2021). As an indicator of the energy state of liquid water in the soil, any component of soil water potential can cause water migration (Fu et al, 2022). Among them, temperature gradients act as the most intuitive driving gradients to characterize water migration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The change of soil water potential induces water migration to form banded sequences of ice lenses. More specifically, water migration supplies water to the growing ice lenses (Fu et al, 2022; Xue et al, 2017), which causes water to accumulate in soil layer. Mathematical models have been developed to describe the corresponding water migration and ice behaviour in frozen soil (Fu et al, 2022), which contribute to the theoretical understanding of the freezing stagnant water effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More specifically, water migration supplies water to the growing ice lenses (Fu et al, 2022; Xue et al, 2017), which causes water to accumulate in soil layer. Mathematical models have been developed to describe the corresponding water migration and ice behaviour in frozen soil (Fu et al, 2022), which contribute to the theoretical understanding of the freezing stagnant water effect. The process of stagnant water not only involves hydro‐thermal interaction, but also mechanical processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Study on thermal‐hydro‐mechanical coupling and stability evolution of loess slope during freeze–thaw process

Qin,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2024

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Disasters occurring at loess slopes in seasonal frozen regions are closely related to changes in the thermo‐hydro‐mechanical (THM) state in loess by freeze–thaw (FT) action. Current research on FT‐induced soil slope failure focuses on frozen stagnant water effects, while the intrinsic connection between the FT‐induced stagnant water effect and soil strength deterioration remains unclear. In this study, by taking the FT‐induced loess slope failure as an example, field surveys, boreholes, exploratory wells, and 3D topographic mapping were used to reveal the landslide features and stratigraphic information; Furthermore, the temporal and spatial variation of water and heat in loess slope was revealed by on‐site monitoring data; A THM coupled model of frozen soil was established using COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software to reconstruct the frozen stagnant water process of shallow loess slope, as well as the influence of THM field on loess landslide. The results show that the effects of FT in the seasonally frozen region occurred in the shallow layer of the loess slope. The water‐ice phase transition during FT process broke the phase equilibrium of loess. Numerical calculations and field monitoring indicated a continuous migration of water to the freezing front, creating a water‐enriched zone inside the loess. Both the impact of the frozen stagnant water and changes in the stress field led to the degradation of loess structure and reduced the strength properties, thus threatening the stability of the loess slope. The study results can contribute to an in‐depth understanding of the mechanism underlying FT loess landslides in seasonal frozen regions, and provide a scientific basis for the evaluation and prevention of FT landslides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Study on thermal‐hydro‐mechanical coupling and stability evolution of loess slope during freeze–thaw process

Qin,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2024

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…The frozen soil region is rich in natural resources, while many projects in China, such as energy, transportation, communication, water, and oil pipelines, are established in the frozen soil region (Zhang et al, 2015;Che et al, 2019;Ma et al, 2019;Streletskiy et al, 2019). The distribution and form of pore accesses in frozen soil vary, the momentum, energy, and mass transfer processes interact, and couple with each other, and the transfer phenomena and mechanisms are complex and variable (Sweidan et al, 2022;Yu et al, 2021;Fu et al, 2022). Some of the essential characteristics are difficult to obtain precisely (Alzoubi et al, 2019;Chang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis on “three-box” model of stress-strain in frozen soil porous media based on representative macroscopic Volume

et al. 2022

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In cold regions, the pore space’s composition and phase state can affect the elastic modulus of the media. During the winter, the freezing conditions in the soil results in the release of water from the pore space, which results in significant changes in the media’s distribution and composition. There are a few weaknesses in the current research with respect to the elastic modulus change example of frozen soil. This paper presents that the Representative Macroscopic Volume (RMV) choice strategy is provided for frozen soil with porosity as a typical condition variable. Under the state of freezing, a “three-box” analytical model for stress-strain calculation of frozen soil porous media is established, namely, the black-box model, the gray-box model, and the white-box model. The relevant equations for calculating elastic modulus are presented based on the proposed “three-box” model and the analysis of the stress conduction process. Results show that the discrepancy between the computed and experimental values of the white-box model is slight, and the elastic modulus of frozen soil calculated by the model established in this paper is consistent with the actual state. It can be deduced that the model established in this paper has practicality and the conclusions of the study are of guiding significance for the application of frozen soil.

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“…for many decades (Morgenstern and Nixon, 1971;Nixon and Morgenstern, 1973;Sykes et al, 1974;Foriero and Ladanyi, 1995;Dumais and Konrad, 2018), and different approaches have been presented for modelling ice segregation (Fu et al, 2022;Fisher et al, 2020;Lacelle et al, 2022). However, these processes are typically not implemented in land surface models and simulating the long-term evolution of segregated ice has not been performed yet (Fu et al, 2022).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating ice segregation and thaw consolidation in permafrost environments with the CryoGrid community model

Aga

Boike

Langer

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. The ground ice content in cold environments influences the permafrost thermal regime and the thaw trajectories in a warming climate, especially for very ice-rich soils. Despite their importance, the amount and distribution of ground ice are often unknown due to lacking field observations. Hence, modelling the thawing of ice-rich permafrost soils and associated thermokarst is challenging as ground ice content has to be prescribed in the model set-up. In this study, we present a model scheme, which is capable of forming segregated ice during a model spin-up together with associated ground heave. It provides the option to add a constant sedimentation rate throughout the simulation. Besides ice segregation, it can represent thaw consolidation processes and ground subsidence under a warming climate. The computation is based on soil mechanical processes, soil hydrology by Richards equation and soil freezing characteristics. The code is implemented in the CryoGrid community model (version 1.0), a modular land surface model for simulations of the ground thermal regime. The simulation of ice segregation and thaw consolidation with the new model scheme allows us to analyze the evolution of ground ice content in both space and time. To do so, we use climate data from two contrasting permafrost sites to run the simulations. Several influencing factors are identified, which control the formation and thaw of segregated ice. (i) Model results show that high temperature gradients in the soil as well as moist conditions support the formation of segregated ice. (ii) We find that ice segregation increases in fine-grained soils and that especially organic-rich sediments enhance the process. (iii) Applying external loads suppresses ice segregation and speeds up thaw consolidation. (iv) Sedimentation leads to a rise of the ground surface and the formation of an ice-enriched layer whose thickness increases with sedimentation time. We conclude that the new model scheme is a step forward to improve the description of ground ice distributions in permafrost models and can contribute towards the understanding of ice segregation and thaw consolidation in permafrost environments under changing climatic conditions.

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Water Migration and Segregated Ice Formation in Frozen Ground: Current Advances and Future Perspectives

Cited by 27 publications

References 198 publications

Study on thermal‐hydro‐mechanical coupling and stability evolution of loess slope during freeze–thaw process

Study on thermal‐hydro‐mechanical coupling and stability evolution of loess slope during freeze–thaw process

Analysis on “three-box” model of stress-strain in frozen soil porous media based on representative macroscopic Volume

Simulating ice segregation and thaw consolidation in permafrost environments with the CryoGrid community model

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