Water partitioning in the Earth's mantle

Inoue, Toru; Wada, Tomoyuki; Sasaki, Rumi; Yurimoto, H.

doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2010.08.003

Cited by 116 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We demonstrate that the lavas immediately above the western edge of the stagnant Pacific slab are characterized by being oversaturated in silica, having the oldest eruptive ages, the lowest olivine d 18 O values and possibly the highest fluid contents. The combination of clearly recycled oceanic crust-derived signatures and their correlation with the inferred position of stagnant Pacific slab within the hydrous MTZ therefore provides an important constraint on the depth of the mantle source.…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

“…3d). Furthermore, the depletion of 18 O is coupled with depletion in high-field-strength elements (for example, Nb; Fig. 2c) and other incompatible elements, as evidenced by decreasing La/Sm ratios (Fig.…”

Section: Hydration Of the Mtz By Stagnant Pacific Slab Central-eastmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In a westward direction, the lavas decrease in age, are depleted in silica, and have lower Sm/Nd ratios, whereas they show progressive enrichment in Nb and have higher Ce/Pb ratios. Importantly, the olivine d 18 O values of the basalts increase westward away from the stagnant slab (Fig. 2a).…”

Section: Hydration Of the Mtz By Stagnant Pacific Slab Central-eastmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…2a). Thus, the lavas immediately above the western edge of the stagnant Pacific slab are characterized by being oversaturated in silica, having the oldest eruptive ages, the lowest olivine d 18 Supplementary Fig. 6a,c).…”

Section: Hydration Of the Mtz By Stagnant Pacific Slab Central-eastmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This implies that the MTZ may play a key role in terrestrial magmatism and plate tectonics 12,18 . As an oceanic plate descends into the upper mantle, any fluid retained within the subducting plate beyond the depths of magma generation constitutes a return flux to the Earth's interior 15 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Continental flood basalts derived from the hydrous mantle transition zone

et al. 2015

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confidence: 81%

Section: Hydration Of the Mtz By Stagnant Pacific Slab Central-eastmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Hydration Of the Mtz By Stagnant Pacific Slab Central-eastmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Hydration Of the Mtz By Stagnant Pacific Slab Central-eastmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Continental flood basalts derived from the hydrous mantle transition zone

et al. 2015

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BurnMan: A lower mantle mineral physics toolkit

Cottaar

Heister

Rose

et al. 2014

Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.

108

100

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We present BurnMan, an open-source mineral physics toolbox to determine elastic properties for specified compositions in the lower mantle by solving an Equation of State (EoS). The toolbox, written in Python, can be used to evaluate seismic velocities of new mineral physics data or geodynamic models, and as the forward model in inversions for mantle composition. The user can define the composition from a list of minerals provided for the lower mantle or easily include their own. BurnMan provides choices in methodology, both for the EoS and for the multiphase averaging scheme. The results can be visually or quantitatively compared to observed seismic models. Example user scripts show how to go through these steps. This paper includes several examples realized with BurnMan: First, we benchmark the computations to check for correctness. Second, we exemplify two pitfalls in EoS modeling: using a different EoS than the one used to derive the mineral physical parameters or using an incorrect averaging scheme. Both pitfalls have led to incorrect conclusions on lower mantle composition and temperature in the literature. We further illustrate that fitting elastic velocities separately or jointly leads to different Mg/Si ratios for the lower mantle. However, we find that, within mineral physical uncertainties, a pyrolitic composition can match PREM very well. Finally, we find that uncertainties on specific input parameters result in a considerable amount of variation in both magnitude and gradient of the seismic velocities.

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Two‐stage evolution of the Earth's mantle inferred from numerical simulation of coupled magmatism‐mantle convection system with tectonic plates

Ogawa

2014

JGR Solid Earth

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Self-consistent numerical models are developed for a coupled magmatism-mantle convection system with tectonic plates in a two-dimensional rectangular box to understand the Earth's mantle evolution. The mantle evolves in two stages owing to decaying internal and basal heating, provided that the lithosphere is mechanically strong enough to inhibit spontaneous formation of new subduction zones by ridge push force. On the earlier stage that continues for the first 1-2 Gyr, the deep mantle is strongly heated, and hot materials there frequently ascend to the surface as bursts. The mantle bursts cause vigorous magmatism and make the lithosphere move chaotically. The thermostat effect of the vigorous magmatism keeps the average temperature in the upper mantle below about 1800 K no matter how strongly the mantle is heated. As the heating rate of the mantle declines, however, the mantle evolves into the later stage where mantle bursts subside, rigid tectonic plates emerge to move rather steadily, and subducted basaltic crusts accumulate on the core-mantle boundary to form compositionally dense piles. Hot plumes occasionally ascend from the basaltic piles to cause magmatism. It takes time on the order of one billion years for the slabs that sink into the lower mantle to return back to the upper mantle, and the long overturn time makes the thermal history of the upper mantle, which has been petrologically constrained for the Earth, distinct from that of the whole mantle. The long overturn time also makes water injected into the mantle by slabs distribute heterogeneously.

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Water partitioning in the Earth's mantle

Cited by 116 publications

References 32 publications

Continental flood basalts derived from the hydrous mantle transition zone

Continental flood basalts derived from the hydrous mantle transition zone

BurnMan: A lower mantle mineral physics toolkit

Two‐stage evolution of the Earth's mantle inferred from numerical simulation of coupled magmatism‐mantle convection system with tectonic plates

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