Water-physical properties of drained peat soils of Northern Trans-Ural forest-steppe zone

Motorin, Yuri; Букин, А. В.; Iglovikov, Anatoly

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/90/1/012053

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Optimal field capacities range from 0.55 to 0.60, which is in line with literature values. Peat soil field capacity can display a pronounced variability (20 to 60% of the volumetric content; Walczak & Rovdan, ) and our value is consistent with field observation from Southern Siberian peatlands (Motorin et al, ).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Stability Conditions of Peat Plateaus and Palsas in Northern Norway

et al. 2019

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Peat plateaus and palsas are characteristic morphologies of sporadic permafrost, and the transition from permafrost to permafrost‐free ground typically occurs on spatial scales of meters. They are particularly vulnerable to climate change and are currently degrading in Fennoscandia. Here we present a spatially distributed data set of ground surface temperatures for two peat plateau sites in northern Norway for the year 2015–2016. Based on these data and thermal modeling, we investigate how the snow depth and water balance modulate the climate signal in the ground. We find that mean annual ground surface temperatures are centered around 2 to 2.5 °C for stable permafrost locations and 3.5 to 4.5 °C for permafrost‐free locations. The surface freezing degree days are characterized by a noticeable threshold around 200 °C.day, with most permafrost‐free locations ranging below this value and most stable permafrost ones above it. Freezing degree day values are well correlated to the March snow cover, although some variability is observed and attributed to the ground moisture level. Indeed, a zero curtain effect is observed on temperature time series for saturated soils during winter, while drained peat plateaus show early freezing surface temperatures. Complementarily, modeling experiments allow identifying a drainage effect that can modify 1‐m ground temperatures by up to 2 °C between drained and water accumulating simulations for the same snow cover. This effect can set favorable or unfavorable conditions for permafrost stability under the same climate forcing.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 91%

Stability Conditions of Peat Plateaus and Palsas in Northern Norway

et al. 2019

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“…Similarly, the soil field capacity used for the simulations is set to 0.55 (in terms of volumetric water content). Peat soil field capacity can display a pronounced variability (20 to 60 % of the volumetric content;Walczak and Rovdan, 2002) and our value is consistent with field observation from Southern Siberian peatlands(Motorin et al, 2017). All other parameters (e.g.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Thermal erosion patterns of permafrost peat plateaus in northern Norway

Martin

Nitzbon

Scheer

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Subarctic peatlands underlain by permafrost contain significant amounts of organic carbon and our ability to quantify the evolution of such permafrost landscapes in numerical models is critical to provide robust predictions of the environmental and climatic changes to come. Yet, the accuracy of large-scale predictions is so far hampered by small-scale physical processes that create a high spatial variability of surface ground thermal regime and thus of permafrost degradation patterns. In this regard, a better understanding of the small-scale interplay between microtopography and lateral fluxes of heat, water and snow can be achieved by field monitoring and process-based numerical modeling. Here, we quantify the topographic changes of the Šuoššjávri peat plateau (Northern Norway) over a three-years period using repeated drone-based high-resolution photogrammetry. Our results show that edge degradation is the main process through which thermal erosion occurs and represents about 80 % of measured subsidence, while most of the inner plateau surface exhibits no detectable subsidence. Based on detailed investigation of eight zones of the plateau edge, we show that this edge degradation corresponds to a volumetric loss of 0.13 ± 0.07 m3 yr−1 m−1 (cubic meter per year and per meter of plateau circumference). Using the CryoGrid land surface model, we show that these degradation patterns can be reproduced in a modeling framework that implements lateral redistribution of snow, subsurface water and heat, as well as ground subsidence due to melting of excess ice. We reproduce prolonged climate-driven edge degradation that is consistent with field observations and present a sensitivity test of the plateau degradation on snow depth over the plateau. Small snow depth variations (from 0 to 30 cm) result in highly different degradation behavior, from stability to fast degradation. These results represent a new step in the modeling of climate-driven landscape development and permafrost degradation in highly heterogeneous landscapes such as peat plateaus. Our approach provides a physically based quantification of permafrost thaw with a new level of realism, notably, regarding feedback mechanisms between the dynamical topography and the lateral fluxes through which a small modification of the snow depth result in dramatic modifications of the permafrost degradation intensity. In this regard, these results also highlight the major control of snow pack characteristics on the ground thermal regime and the potential improvement that accurate snow representation and prediction could bring to projections of permafrost degradation.

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“…The main cause of overfilling is still considered to be the loss of agronomically valuable structure. As earlier studies showed, the change in the addition density against the background of deteriorating structural-aggregate composition becomes the reason of sharp decline in filtration capacity of the adjacent road sections fields [14,15]. Also one of the reasons for the deterioration of the addition density at a distance of up to 5 meters from the highway is the washout of clay particles from the surface of road slopes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

The impact of transport infrastructure on ecological status of arable land in Western Siberia

Eremina

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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The use of deicing compounds and car exhaust have a negative impact on the main indicators of arable fertility.The purpose of the research was to study the physical properties of arable land and crop yields at different distances from the roads. Four soils were studied: sod-podzolic, gray forest, leached сhernozem and meadow saline. Soil sampling was carried out along the Tyumen -Omsk and Tyumen -Khanty-Mansiysk highways. It was found that at a distance of 10 meters from the highway structural and aggregate composition of high-humus soils differs from the control, located 200 meters. At a distance of 50 meters or more from the road, physical indicators of arable land come back to normal. The sections adjacent to the roads up to 10 meters wide are overfilled to 1.57 g/cm3, which in the conditions of Western Siberia can cause surface waterlogging. The annual loss of grain from the negative impact of transport infrastructure on the site length of 1 kilometer and a width of 20 meters on leached сhernozem is 5.0 tons. At market grain prices in the amount of $140, the annual loss of farmers corresponds to $1400 for each kilometer of the road passing through the сhernozem fields.

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Water-physical properties of drained peat soils of Northern Trans-Ural forest-steppe zone

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Stability Conditions of Peat Plateaus and Palsas in Northern Norway

Stability Conditions of Peat Plateaus and Palsas in Northern Norway

Thermal erosion patterns of permafrost peat plateaus in northern Norway

The impact of transport infrastructure on ecological status of arable land in Western Siberia

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