Water pollution with phosphorus of dietary origin by intensively fed rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Rich.)

Wiesmann, Doris; Scheid, Horst Sebastian; Pfeffer, E.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(88)90334-1

Cited by 73 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In terms of environment con servation, excretion of P is supposed to be regulated to the least amount. Wiesmann et al 29) also reported that growth rates and feed conversion ratios were not impaired if the P content of semi-purified trout diets was reduced from about 10 to 4 mg/g. They suggested that it may be practi cal to limit the P content of trout feeds to less than 10 mg/ g. In a previous study, when the available P content was higher than 15 mg/g, absorption of Zn was markedly reduced in rainbow trout irrespective of dietary Ca level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of Dietary Phosphorus Levels on Growth and Mineral Availability in Rainbow Trout

et al. 1996

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Feeding experiment was conducted to determine the influence of dietary phosphorus levels on growth and mineral availability to juvenile rainbow trout. Mono-basic potassium phosphate was sup plemented to semipurified diet at 2, 4, 6, and 8%, in order to obtain graded dietary phosphorus (P) lev els (11.7 29.7 mg/ g). Growth, PER and NPU were not influenced by the dietary P at the level of 19.7 mg/g, but were decreased by 25.1 mg P/g or more. P, zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) contents in ver tebrae were significantly lowered by the diet containing P of more than 25.1 mg/g. Zn absorption was significantly influenced by the excess amount of dietary P, namely it was lowered by P at levels exceed ing 19.7 mg/g diet.The study demonstrated that excess amounts of dietary P at a level three times higher than the P re quirement lowered protein utilization and Zn absorption, induced poor growth and reduced Zn and Mn in the body of rainbow trout. It is suggested that the available P content in rainbow trout diet might be regulated to be less than 15 mg/g.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Influence of Dietary Phosphorus Levels on Growth and Mineral Availability in Rainbow Trout

et al. 1996

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“…However, P is also an antinutritional factor and an environmental pollutant (Wiesmann et al 1988). Inorganic P is an antinutritional factor because it forms insoluble soaps with calcium and lipids, and the insoluble soaps reduce the digestibility of several nutrients including energy and amino acids.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of different levels of phosphorus on growth and mineralization in African giant catfish Heterobranchus bidorsalis (Geoffrey Saint Hillarie, 1809

Nwanna¹,

Adebayo²,

Omitoyin³

2010

Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management

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Eleven diets (D1-D11), designated as treatments (T1-T11), supplemented with different levels of inorganic phosphorus (P) (Ca 2 PO4) were fed to Heterobranchus bidorsalis (10.8 ±0.02 g) to determine the optimum P requirement. D1 -D11 contained total P of 10. 2, 10.4, 11.0, 11.9, 12.3, 12.6, 13.4, 13.9, 14.2 14.7 and 15.4 g kg -1 respectively. After 84 days of feeding trial, there was increase in fish growth up to T5 with 12.3g P kg -1 diet, followed by consistent decline in growth towards T11 with the highest P content. However, fish in T5 had the best (P<0.05) growth performance and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Fish in T1 and T2 had the highest (P<0.05) FCR. Carcass protein was the same in T5, T6, T7, T8, T9 and T10, which was higher (P<0.05) than in T1, T2, T3 and T4. Carcass fat content was highest in fish in T1 which also had the lowest water content. P and Ca concentration in fish carcass increased linearly and was highest (P<0.05) in fish in T11, while Mg and Zn were highest (P<0.05) in fish in T5. Data from the study suggest 12.3 g P kg -1 diet as optimum requirement for the growth of Heterobranchus bidorsalis.

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“…Information on phosphorous requirements for each species and its availability in food is essential for the formulation of low-cost diets that minimize excretion into the environment (PEÑAFLORIDA, 1999;WEISMANN et al, 1988). According to Roy et al (2002), potential environmental impacts of wastewater from fish farming are directly related to the quantity and quality of phosphorus in diets provided to farmed fish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent digestibility of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) diets containing different levels of phosphorus

Nervis¹,

Feiden

Moro

et al. 2015

Sem. Ci. Agr.

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The present study aimed to evaluate pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) diets and determine the apparent digestibility at different levels of phosphorus using the feces collection method with an intestinal dissection marker. A total of 320 pacu with average weights of 768.5±36.34 g were used, and they were distributed in four 5 m³ net cages. The fish were fed isonitrogenous (27%), isoenergetic (3000 kcal/kg) and isocalcium (1.50%) diets with total phosphorus levels of 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2%. The fish were incised with lateral openings to allow for feces removal from the rectum, and the fish were then sent for carcass chemical composition analysis. Significant differences were observed (P<0.01) between treatments for the apparent diet digestibility, apparent phosphorous digestibility, available phosphorus and residual phosphorus. There was a linear decrease in apparent diet digestibility and apparent phosphorus digestibility with increasing levels of phosphorous in the diet, and the highest values were observed for the diet with 0.6% total phosphorus. For available phosphorus and residual phosphorus, there was a linear increase based on total phosphorus levels in the diet. No significant differences were observed for the chemical composition of the pacu carcasses. Therefore, the greatest digestibility of total phosphorus in the diet obtained through dissection was observed in the diet containing 0.6% total phosphorus, and the different levels of phosphorus did not influence the chemical composition of the pacu carcasses. Key words: Aquaculture, nutrition, minerals, nutrients ResumoO presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a digestibilidade aparente de rações contendo diferentes níveis de fósforo para pacus (Piaractus mesopotamicus), através do método de coleta de fezes com marcador por dissecação intestinal. Foram utilizados 320 pacus com peso médio de 768,5±36,34 g, distribuídos em quatro tanques-rede com capacidade de 5m³. Os peixes foram alimentados com rações isoprotéicas (27%), isoenergéticas (3000 kcal/kg) e isocálcicas (1,50%), com níveis de 0,6; 0,8; 1,0 e 1,2% de fósforo total. As coletas de fezes foram realizadas, por abertura lateral nos peixes, para retirada das fezes presente no reto, e os peixes encaminhados para análise de composição centesimal da carcaça. Foram observadas diferenças significativas (P<0,01) entre os tratamentos para o coeficiente de digestibilidade aparente da dieta, digestibilidade aparente do fósforo, fósforo disponível e fósforo residual. Observou-se uma diminuição linear para digestibilidade aparente da dieta e para digestibilidade aparente do fósforo com o aumento dos níveis de inclusão de fósforo na ração, sendo os maiores valores observados para a dieta com 0,6% de fósforo total na ração. Para fósforo disponível e fósforo residual houve aumento linear em função dos níveis de fósforo total na ração. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas para a composição centesimal da carcaça dos pacus. Portanto, a maior digestibilidade do fósforo total da dieta, obtida através...

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Water pollution with phosphorus of dietary origin by intensively fed rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Rich.)

Cited by 73 publications

References 10 publications

Influence of Dietary Phosphorus Levels on Growth and Mineral Availability in Rainbow Trout

Influence of Dietary Phosphorus Levels on Growth and Mineral Availability in Rainbow Trout

Effect of different levels of phosphorus on growth and mineralization in African giant catfish Heterobranchus bidorsalis (Geoffrey Saint Hillarie, 1809

Apparent digestibility of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) diets containing different levels of phosphorus

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