Water quality and health risk of public drinking water sources: a study of filtration plants installed in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan

Sohail, Muhammad Tayyab; Mahfooz, Yusra; Aftab, Rashid; Yen, Yat; Talib, Muhammad Afnan; Rasool, Azhar

doi:10.5004/dwt.2020.25119

Cited by 37 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A quantitative research method based on a pre-post study design was used to collect data from the general population in Rawalpindi, which is the fourth most populous city in Pakistan and located in Punjab province ( 21 ). Rawalpindi is adjacent to Pakistan's capital of Islamabad and is an important administrative, commercial and industrial hub.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Media in Health-Related Awareness Campaigns on Perception of COVID-19: A Pre-post Study in the General Population of Pakistan

Rehman

Zakar

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Medical preparedness and community education are the most valuable preventive tools for combatting the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to assess the role of media public health awareness campaigns on the knowledge of the general population about COVID-19 in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. A quantitative study using a pre-post design among 384 respondents was conducted. A structured questionnaire was administered to the participants twice: The first response (t1) from participants was filled in during the 1st week in February 2020 before any confirmed cases were reported in the country, and the second response (t2) was completed 1 month after the first case detection in Pakistan (March 2020). Media health awareness campaigns were launched just after the detection of the first case in Pakistan. Exposure to the media and knowledge relating to COVID-19 increased over time. Whereas, only a quarter of respondents judged the isolation of suspected cases in quarantine to be important to prevent the spread of infection in society at t1, more than half did so at t2. Socio-demographic characteristics were not significantly associated with knowledge (gains). However, more frequent use of electronic media is associated with greater knowledge gains from t1 to t2. The findings of this study provide evidence that awareness and knowledge related to COVID-19 symptoms and preventive measures increased significantly over time. The increased frequency of following the media indicates that health awareness campaigns are important for enhancing the knowledge of the general public regarding COVID-19.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Media in Health-Related Awareness Campaigns on Perception of COVID-19: A Pre-post Study in the General Population of Pakistan

Rehman

Zakar

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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“…It is estimated that about 200 million farmers irrigate 20 million hectares of land with wastewater globally [11]. Development in industrialization and it leads to more demand of freshwater but these industries released many contaminated toxics in environment which caused of contaminated underground water too [12]. Global warming is another issue for agriculture sector, many developing countries are affected by climate change due to poor capacity to deal with it, especially Pakistan which is most affected country by climate change [13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farmers’ Awareness about Impacts of Reusing Wastewater, Risk Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change in Faisalabad District, Pakistan

Sohail¹,

Lin²,

Lizhi³

et al. 2021

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Water scarceness is the most critical problem for numerous arid and semi-arid areas. It leads to the use of wastewater in many countries. This study was aimed to determine the farmer's awareness about reusing wastewater in their risk perception and adaptation to climate change in district Faisalabad, Pakistan. Faisalabad has become an industrial hub and industrial discharge is becoming problematic for local community and environment. Usually, farmers depend on wastewater for agriculture purposes in many aspects. The present study was divided into two phases, in the first phase a questionnairebased study was conducted in urban and peri-urban areas while in the second phase, wastewater quality parameters were determined (pH, SS, TDS, BOD, COD, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel and zinc) and compared with Pakistan Environmental Quality Standards. Results indicated that farmers had a strong awareness (96.8%) about fertility value of wastewater for many aspects, but they were unaware (71.6%) about health hazard of untreated wastewater used for crop irrigation. In the current study correlation of Determining of Climate Change (DCC) with age and farming experience was highly significant with correlation values 0.48 and 0.40 respectively. Adaption Measures (AM) correlation values with age and farming experience were 0.49 and 0.75 respectively. Other variables livelihood Assets (LA) was also correlated with Determining of Climate Change (DCC) and Adaption Measures (AM) and all variables were found significant week to moderate correlation among all selected variables. Farmers (>70%) used different techniques to adapt to climate change like irrigation, seeds,

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“…The present research will improve the mechanism for joint law enforcement and prevention and control of water environmental pollution in the Dongting Lake Basin. First, the policy plan for emergency joint prevention and control of Dongting Lake Basin shall be formulated and introduced in accordance with the Guiding Opinions on the Establishment of Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism for Emergent Water Pollution Incidents [14][15][16] in the Upper and Lower Waterways of Trans provincial Waterways, and the goals, responsibilities and measures of pollution prevention and control of the regional government shall be clearly defined in the plan. Second, the organization system for emergency joint prevention and control in the Dongting Lake Basin shall be improved, which consists of the joint emergency committee for water environment in the Dongting Lake Basin, the special emergency headquarters and the working mechanism for joint prevention and control set up by the regional government to coordinate and guide the water environment management in the Dongting Lake Basin.…”

Section: Results Analysis and Suggestionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Synergistic Mechanism of Water Environment Governance in Dongting Lake Basin Based on Evolutionary Game

2021

Self Cite

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Watershed water environment governance has always been a research hotspot in the field of transboundary governance. Based on evolutionary game theory, the regional governments of East Dongting Lake, West Dongting Lake and South Dongting Lake were taken as participants to construct a tripartite game model, and the game evolution strategies under unconstrained and constrained conditions were explored respectively, so as to analyze the influencing factors of the construction of synergistic mechanism of water environment governance in Dongting Lake Basin. The results show that: (1) Under the unconstrained condition, the stable strategy of the evolutionary game is “two parties govern, one party does not govern”. However, without intervention of external restraint measures for a long time, the players keep learning and improving according to the game results, and the final synergy mechanism cannot be achieved. (2) Under constraint conditions, the composition of synergistic mechanism mainly depends on the size of ecological compensation and punishment given by the superior government and the duration of constraint by the superior government.

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Water quality and health risk of public drinking water sources: a study of filtration plants installed in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan

Cited by 37 publications

References 28 publications

Role of the Media in Health-Related Awareness Campaigns on Perception of COVID-19: A Pre-post Study in the General Population of Pakistan

Role of the Media in Health-Related Awareness Campaigns on Perception of COVID-19: A Pre-post Study in the General Population of Pakistan

Farmers’ Awareness about Impacts of Reusing Wastewater, Risk Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change in Faisalabad District, Pakistan

Study on Synergistic Mechanism of Water Environment Governance in Dongting Lake Basin Based on Evolutionary Game

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