Water Quality Index and Microbial Assessment of Lake Qarun, El-Batts and El-Wadi Drains, Fayoum Province, Egypt

Abstract

Water quality index Microbial assessment EgyptThis study was carried out on Lake Qarun and 2 drains (El-Batts and El-Wadi) that discharging wastewater into it, at Fayoum Province, Egypt, to assess the Water Quality Index (WQI) and miicrobial load of their waters. This investigation was conducted during the period from autumn 2017 to summer 2018. The general annual averages of WQI values of Lake Water were poor for irrigation (69.61) and very poor for aquatic life (78.53). El-Batts and El-Wadi Drains were poor both for irrigation (55.45) and for aquatic life (54.45). Moreover, total viable bacteria count (TVBC) at 22°C ranged between 3 ×10 3 CFU/ml and 450 × 10 3 CFU/ml, and the TVBC at 37°C varied from 0.4 ×10 3 CFU/ml to 330 ×10 3 CFU/ml . Total coliform (TC) in the range of 0.3 ×10 3 -46 × 10 3 MPN /100ml water , Fecal coliform (FC) in the range of 3×10 2 -460× 10 2 MPN /100ml water . Fecal streptococci (FS) in the range of 3 × 10 2 -1100 × 10 2 MPN/ 100ml water and the numbers of E.coli fluctuated between 0.1×10 2 and 60 × 10 2 CFU /100ml water. The obtained values of physical, chemical and microbial parameters of Lake and drains water were compared with the standard values set by FAO (1994) for irrigation and CCME (2007) for aquatic life. It was found that the values of tested parameters were higher than the recommended standards and this affects the biota in the studied area and is expected to cause healthy problems.

Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the stn gene of Salmonella species isolated from different environmental sources at Lake Qarun protectorate: The role of migratory birds and public health importance

“…A high percentage of Salmonella isolated from Lake Qarun (58.3%) was described in a study conducted by Upadhyay et al [37], who noted that Lake Qarun was the largest reservoir of agricultural and sewage drainage in Fayoum and fish farms surrounding the lake. In addition, Al-Afify et al [34] have reported that the discharge of agricultural and municipal sewage into Lake Qarun significantly affects the quality of its water. Moreover, the lake water quality index values were low, making irrigation and aquatic life guidelines unfeasible.…”

“…The spread of many diseases in the lake is caused by microbial pollution, which is one of the most harmful types of water pollution. In this regard, assessing microbial contamination in Egyptian lakes is imperative, particularly Lake Qarun, which is considered an important source of freshwater and salts for the province of Fayoum [ 34 ].…”

“…In addition, Al-Afify et al . [ 34 ] have reported that the discharge of agricultural and municipal sewage into Lake Qarun significantly affects the quality of its water. Moreover, the lake water quality index values were low, making irrigation and aquatic life guidelines unfeasible.…”

State of Fisheries in Lake Qarun, Egypt: Review Article

“…Such water is loaded with wastes, salts and nutrients that may accumulate and contaminate the aquatic environment (Hassan, 2002;Ghanem, 2006& 2011and Khalaf-Allah, 2014. Al-Afify et al (2019) reported that, municipal and agricultural sewage wastes discharged into Lake Qarun causes serious problem of its water quality. They added that the water quality index (WQI) values indicated that the lake water is poor for irrigation and aquatic life guidelines.…”

Application of some biological indices to benthic macroinvertebrates related to water quality index of Lake Burullus, Egypt

“…It was concluded that these indices can not used to assess water quality of Lake Burullus,so BMWP and BMWP-ASPT need more developments according to bioindicators organisms of Lake Burullus and its nature. environmental stress and the consequent effects on aquatic environment and human health is an issue of great concern (Al-Afify et al, 2019).…”