Water recycling public toilets based on onsite electrochemical wastewater treatment

Subramani, Pragadeesh; Basil, Milan; Rosario, Praveen; Jalaja, Dijin Ramachandran; Choudhary, Vaishali; Renganathan, Jayakumar; Philip, Ligy; Cho, Kangwoo; Welling, Claire; Grego, Sonia; Cid, Clèment

doi:10.1039/d3ew00454f

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

2024

DOI: 10.1039/d3ew00454f

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Water recycling public toilets based on onsite electrochemical wastewater treatment

Pragadeesh Subramani,

Milan Basil,

Praveen Rosario

et al.

Abstract: 14-month performance study of an anaerobic bioreactor combined with electrochemical oxidation and integrated into a self-contained public bathroom under daily use in Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu, India).

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Scalable Ir-Doped NiFe2O4/TiO2 Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H2 Production

Hong,

Kim,

Park

et al. 2024

Nano-Micro Lett.

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Wastewater electrolysis cells (WECs) for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H2 production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water, waste, and energy carrier. This study reports Ir-doped NiFe2O4 (NFI, ~ 5 at% Ir) spinel layer with TiO2 overlayer (NFI/TiO2), as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment cell. In dilute (0.1 M) NaCl solutions, the NFI/TiO2 marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction, outperforming the benchmark IrO2. Robust operation in near-neutral pH was confirmed. Electroanalyses including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO2 which serves both as the primary site for Cl− chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic contact. Galvanostatic electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO2 not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH4+-to-N2 conversion, but also enhances H2 generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive chlorine. The scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO2 was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.

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Scalable Ir-Doped NiFe2O4/TiO2 Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H2 Production

Hong,

Kim,

Park

et al. 2024

Nano-Micro Lett.

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Water recycling public toilets based on onsite electrochemical wastewater treatment

Abstract: 14-month performance study of an anaerobic bioreactor combined with electrochemical oxidation and integrated into a self-contained public bathroom under daily use in Coimbatore (Tamil Nadu, India).

Cited by 1 publication

References 25 publications

Scalable Ir-Doped NiFe2O4/TiO2 Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H2 Production

Scalable Ir-Doped NiFe2O4/TiO2 Heterojunction Anode for Decentralized Saline Wastewater Treatment and H2 Production

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