Water-Redispersible Cellulose Nanofiber and Polyanionic Cellulose Hybrids for High-Performance Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Li, Mei‐Chun; Tang, Zhengjie; Liu, Chaozheng; Huang, Runzhou; Koo, Meen Sung; Zhou, Guoqiang; Wu, Qinglin

doi:10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02644

Cited by 44 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…to synthesize salt-tolerant CNCs. [270] The combined use of polyaionic cellulose (PAC), a common filtration controlling agent, with CNMs (S-CNCs, [78] UN-NFC, [273] and LNFC, [274,275] ) resulted in much improved rheological and filtration properties. The development of low-bentonite or even bentonite-free WDFs helps provide high drilling rates, easy fluid control and maintenance, low friction in drilling assembly, thin filter cakes, and few pipe sticking problems.…”

Section: Drilling Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Aspects of Cellulose Nanomaterials: Governing Factors and Emerging Applications

et al. 2021

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of nanomaterials from green, low-cost, abundant, renewable, and biodegradable natural resources. One such attractive bioresource is cellulose, the most abundant biopolymer on earth, which is widely present in various forms of renewable biomass, such as trees, plants, tunicates, and bacteria.Structurally, cellulose is a linear, high molecular weight polysaccharide with repeating glucose units linked by 1-4 glycosidic bonds. Owing to the presence of hydroxyl groups, those linear chains of glucose units link together through van der Waals forces and intermolecular hydrogen bonding to form elementary fibrils, which are further packed into larger aggregates known as microfibrils. [3] Cellulose fibrils consist of disordered (amorphous) regions and highly ordered (crystalline) regions. In the crystalline regions, cellulose chains are closely packed together in highly ordered fashion (parallel to the direction of fibril length), dictated by the intricate intraand intermolecular hydrogen bonding; whereas in the amorphous regions, cellulose chain stacking is less ordered and not as closely packed. Therefore, the amorphous regions are more vulnerable to both physical disintegration and chemical hydrolysis in comparison with crystalline regions. When cellulose is prepared in nano-scale fibrillar or crystalline forms, it is broadly referred to as cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs).The isolation, characterization, modification, and application of CNMs are currently receiving much attention. Understanding Cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs), mainly including nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), have attained enormous interest due to their sustainability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, nanoscale dimensions, large surface area, facile modification of surface chemistry, as well as unique optical, mechanical, and rheological performance. One of the most fascinating properties of CNMs is their aqueous suspension rheology, i.e., CNMs helping create viscous suspensions with the formation of percolation networks and chemical interactions (e.g., van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction/repulsion, and hydrophobic attraction). Under continuous shearing, CNMs in an aqueous suspension can align along the flow direction, producing shear-thinning behavior. At rest, CNM suspensions regain some of their initial structure immediately, allowing rapid recovery of rheological properties. These unique flow features enable CNMs to serve as rheological modifiers in a wide range of fluid-based applications. Herein, the dependence of the rheology of CNM suspensions on test protocols, CNM inherent properties, suspension environments, and postprocessing is systematically described. A critical overview of the recent progress on fluid applications of CNMs as rheology modifiers in some emerging industrial sectors is presented as well. Future perspectives in the field are outlined to guide further research and development in using CNMs as the next generation rheological modifiers.

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Section: Drilling Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheological Aspects of Cellulose Nanomaterials: Governing Factors and Emerging Applications

et al. 2021

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“…The CeNFs/PAC nanocomposite prominently improved the rheological features and suspension capacity of WBM. The nanocomposite also decreased the fluid loss that can cause a positive impact on the wellbore integrity . The rheology and filtration feature of the WBM was investigated in the presence of bleached CeNFs (B-CeNFs), unbleached CeNFs (L-CeNFs), and xanthan gum (XG).…”

Section: Performance Of Cnps and Cenfs-based Drilling Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nanocomposite also decreased the fluid loss that can cause a positive impact on the wellbore integrity. 137 The rheology and filtration feature of the WBM was investigated in the presence of bleached CeNFs (B-CeNFs), unbleached CeNFs (L-CeNFs), and xanthan gum (XG). It was noticed that the L-CeNFs display better fluid loss control, while the B-CeNFs and XG demonstrate shear thinning.…”

Section: Performance Of Cnps and Cenfs-based Drilling Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Carbon Nanostructures and Nanocellulose as Additives for Efficient Drilling Fluids: Trends and Future Perspective—A Review

2021

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The continuously growing universal demand for energy and declining production is fascinating the research community to invent novel technologies. The oil and gas industry is not only focusing on the discovery of unexplored reserves but also converging to the irrecoverable hydrocarbon reserves. For this purpose, a clear understanding of the vital features of drilling fluid can help to design drilling fluid of selective nature that can overcome the major issues come across during the oil and gas drilling operation. The stability of the drilling fluid under extremely high temperature and high pressure (HTHP) and the environmental footprint during the oil recovery process are major issues. To get stable, simpler, and more economical drilling fluids, a wide variety of nanomaterials have been widely evaluated under varying conditions. The carbon-based nanomaterials demonstrate the unprecedented physicochemical features that are considered very crucial for the smart drilling fluid formulation. The carbon-based nanoparticles (CNPs) are relatively new in the drilling technology, and they are not implemented up to their maximum potential. Several researchers have explored CNPs, their derivatives, and composites to formulate drilling fluid with required features. The resultant fluid system demonstrates better rheological features, friction reduction, low environmental impact, and greater stability under HTHP drilling conditions. However, there are still challenging aspects that must be addressed to take full advantage of the capabilities of CNPs. The present work is a comprehensive review of the recent progress in fluid systems based on carbon nanomaterials, because of their huge impact on the drilling fluid rheology and environmentally friendly nature. The nature of carbon-based nanomaterials, size, shape, and concentration are critically evaluated and discussed in the current article. Finally, this review paper identifies the opportunities for future research of the nanocarbon-based drilling fluids and their applications in the gas and oil exploration sector has been discussed.

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“…Fibers are used in water-based drilling and completion formulations; they are utilized in various applications such as well-fracturing and hole-cleaning operations. − Cutting transport (hole cleaning) depends on various parameters, including the viscosity and density of the drilling fluid, flow rate, wellbore geometry, inclination angle, annular velocity, and cutting shape, size, and weight. These parameters control the hole cleanout efficiency, affecting the drilling operational cost and time .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Response Surface Methodology and Box–Behnken Design for the Optimization of the Stability of Fibrous Dispersion Used in Drilling and Completion Operations

et al. 2021

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Fibers are extensively used as a fluid additive in the oil and gas industry to improve hole-cleaning performance, control fluid filtration loss, and enhance hydraulic fracturing effectiveness. Generally, a small amount of fiber is dispersed in the base fluid to achieve the desired results without increasing the viscosity of the base fluid. Nevertheless, sustaining a uniform fiber dispersion can be challenging under wellbore conditions, which is essential for fibers’ functionality. Consequently, a better understanding of fiber suspension or stability in base fluids is necessary for their efficient utilization in drilling and completion operations. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) and box–behnken design (BBD) are used to investigate the stability of fiber in polymeric base suspensions, including carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), polyacrylamide (PAM), and xanthan gum (XG). The BBD of three factors was selected to observe the influence of polymer concentration, fiber concentration, and temperature on fibrous suspension stability, with three levels of design factors (low, mid, and high) and two fiber aspect ratios (3 and 12 mm fibers). The base fluid polymer concentration ranged from 1 to 8 vol %, fiber concentration ranged from 0.01 to 0.08 wt %, and the temperature was varied from 25 to 80 °C. The stability measurements were analyzed using Minitab, subsequently, evaluating the factors’ impact and interactions and determining the optimum conditions for the stability of the fibrous suspensions. The results predicted by the developed model were in good agreement with the experimental results R 2 ≥ 0.91–0.99. The sensitivity analysis showed that base fluid polymer concentration is the most significant factor affecting fibrous suspension stability. At high polymer concentrations, fiber concentration and temperature effects are minimal, while the temperature effect on the stability was observed at low concentrations (e.g., low suspension viscosities). The fiber aspect ratio indirectly affects system stability. Long fibers have a better tendency to entangle and form a structured network, which in turn hinders the buoyancy that induces individual fiber migration. On the contrary, short fibers do not form a network, allowing them to easily migrate to the surface and agglomerate at the top layer (unstable region). Optimization results revealed that suspensions with viscosities above 50 mPa·s are sufficient to maintain the stability of the suspensions at ambient (25 °C) and elevated (80 °C) temperatures.

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Water-Redispersible Cellulose Nanofiber and Polyanionic Cellulose Hybrids for High-Performance Water-Based Drilling Fluids

Cited by 44 publications

References 36 publications

Rheological Aspects of Cellulose Nanomaterials: Governing Factors and Emerging Applications

Rheological Aspects of Cellulose Nanomaterials: Governing Factors and Emerging Applications

Advances in Carbon Nanostructures and Nanocellulose as Additives for Efficient Drilling Fluids: Trends and Future Perspective—A Review

Application of Response Surface Methodology and Box–Behnken Design for the Optimization of the Stability of Fibrous Dispersion Used in Drilling and Completion Operations

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