Water Regulation Ecosystem Services of Multifunctional Landscape Dominated by Monoculture Plantations

Abstract

Meeting the growing demand for agricultural production while preserving water regulation ecosystem services (WRES) is a challenge. One way to preserve WRES is by adopting multifunctional landscape approach. Hence, the main objective was to evaluate the role of forest patches (FP) in preserving WRES in tropical landscapes dominated by oil palm plantations. The SWAT model was used to evaluate the essential WRES, such as water yield (WYLD), soil water (SW), surface runoff (SURQ), groundwater recharge (GWR), and evapotranspiration (AET). Due to a compaction, soils in monoculture plantation have higher bulk density and lower porosity and water retention, which decrease WRES. Conserving FP among oil palms evidently improves WRES, such as decreasing SURQ and rain season WYLD and increasing GWR, SW, AET, and dry season WLYD. FP has sponge-like properties by storing water to increase water availability, and pump-like properties by evaporating water to stabilize the microclimate. Mature oil palm also has pump-like properties to maintain productivity. However, it does not have sponge-like properties that make water use more significant than the stored water. Consequently, a multifunctional landscape could enhance WRES of forest patches and synergize it with provisioning ecosystem services of oil palm plantations.

Indirect use value of improved soil health as natural capital that supports essential ecosystem services: A case study of cacao agroforestry

“…Soil distributes rainfall into surface runoff, groundwater recharge and soil water storage. Groundwater recharge is related to the drainage pores, whereas soil water storage is related to the available water pores (Kristanto et al 2022). Drainage pores for cacao agroforestry with Endoaquepts was 17.5% and for monoculture was 17.2%.…”

“…Conversely, these benefits will become suboptimal in unhealthy or degraded soil. Soil health degradation is mainly caused by the intensive land management that has increased since the beginning of the green revolution (John and Babu 2021), which has led to soil compaction and erosion (Kristanto et al 2022). If this trend continues, it could lead to irreversible soil degradation.…”

“…Agroforestry is a land-use management system that combines crops with multipurpose tree species (MPTS) to restore the soil's multifunctionality (Nair et al 2021). The crops cultivated in agroforestry maintain provisioning services, and MPTS maintain regulation and habitat services (Kristanto et al 2022).…”

Analisis Perilaku Air Di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Pada Tanah Spodosol dan Ultisol Menggunakan Soil Moisture Content Monitoring System (SMCMS)

“…Dengan pemahaman yang lebih baik terkait perilaku air pada tiap jenis tanah, maka akan dapat dirancang pendekatan pengelolaan air yang lebih efektif dan efisien sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman (Graham et al, 2019;Minhas et al, 2020;Novák & Hlaváčiková, 2019). Pemahaman mengenai perilaku air tanah menjadi landasan penting guna memastikan bahwa kebutuhan air tanaman kelapa sawit terpenuhi secara optimal sambil terus menjaga kelestarian air tanah (Darras et al, 2019;Kristanto et al, 2022).…”

Using Ecosystem Services to Inform Sustainable Waterfront Area Management: A Case Study in the Yangtze River Delta Ecological Green Integration Demonstration Zone

“…Integrating ecosystem service assessment into policy and planning frameworks may enable the development of more holistic and sustainable outcomes. For instance, considering carbon sequestration and climate regulation alongside traditional objectives like flood control and water supply can achieve co-benefits and more integrated waterfront area management [36,52,53]. Spatial heterogeneity in service distribution points to the need for area-specific interventions that maximize benefits.…”