Water-Repellent Approaches for 3-D Printed Internal Passages

Abstract

In this work, two different manufacturing approaches are presented that create waterrepellency (hydrophobicity and super-hydrophobicity) for acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) structures. In particular, this is the first study to render .three-dimensional (3D) printed ABS surfaces with internal flow paths to be superhydrophobic. The first approach uses standard wet-based chemical processing for surface preparation after which a fluorocarbon layer is deposited by dip coating or with vapor deposition. This first approach creates hydrophobic surfaces with roll-off angles of less than 30 o . In the second approach, the ABS structures are dip-coated with a commercial rubber coating solution and subsequently surface-modified by Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) with fluorinated gases to render the samples superhydrophobic, with roll-off angles as low as 6 o . In order to further enhance their water-repellency, the dip-coating rubber solution is mixed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) colloidal dispersions to form a nanocomposite layer prior to the RIE process. The PTFE particles induce surface roughness as well as hydrophobicity. The modified surfaces created by the two approaches are further characterized by scanning electron microscopy and water drainage performance. Water Downloaded by [New York University] at 05:46 22 July 2015 2drainage (prevention of water retention) is especially important for high thermal efficiency of 3D printed heat exchangers. However, water-repellency for ABS is also interesting for a broader range of applications that use this material.

Design of a Scaffold Parameter Selection System with Additive Manufacturing for a Biomedical Cell Culture

“…In particular, 3D printers based on fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology are one of the most accessible and simplest options [ 8 ]. They are open-source, low-cost machines which usually use thermoplastic materials [ 9 , 10 ] and can easily be modified to improve the quality of the printed 3D products [ 11 ]. A variety of biocompatible polymers can be used for scaffold production with FFF.…”

Surface-Modified Industrial Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene 3D Scaffold Fabrication by Gold Nanoparticle for Drug Screening

“…However, the dry weight of scaffolds linearly increased from 2.22 mg, 3.60 mg, 6.10 mg, and 8.97 mg, to 9.73 mg for the scaffolds with infill density of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, respectively (p < 0.05) ( Figure 2C). Studies have demonstrated that the porosity and pore size are some of the most significant characteristics of 3D printed scaffolds in tissue engineering [26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. In fact, scaffolds with adequate pore size and porosity provide a suitable microenvironment for sufficient cell-cell interaction and cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation [29].…”

Direct fabrication of bio-inspired gecko-like geometries with vat polymerization additive manufacturing method

“…Dip-transfer [36], is another method combines a 3D printed mould to create mushroom-shaped PU pillars, dipping them in PU and placed on an etched mould to create the second (and smaller) hairs. Some techniques were also applied for fabrication of micro features, Milionis et al [37] investigated different manufacturing approaches to create water-repellency and functionalize the surfaces of 3-D printed heat exchangers fabricated from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The structures were printed linear with a commercial Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printer with the resolution about 100 µm.…”