Water‐resistant organic thermoelectric generator with &gt;10 μW output

Hata, Shinichi; Maeshiro, Kanto; Shiraishi, Misaki; Yasuda, Soichiro; Shiozaki, Yuta; Kametani, Koudai; Du, Yukou; Shiraishi, Yukihide; Toshima, Naoki

doi:10.1002/cey2.285

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…With the development of arc heat, ion beam, microwave energy, laser, and other "non-carbon heat source" technologies, [114][115][116] the problems facing the strongly endothermic hydrogen metallurgy process could be solved. Although this technology has not yet taken shape, as efficient electricity-based heat-transfer technology improves, the iron-making process will be transformed from hydrogen-rich metallurgy to pure hydrogen metallurgy.…”

Section: A Carbon-electricity-hydrogen Ternary Relationship To Change...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for green steelmaking technology with low carbon emissions in China

Fucheng,

Lukuo,

Ying

2024

Carbon Energy

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The steel industry is a major source of CO2 emissions, and thus, the mitigation of carbon emissions is the most pressing challenge in this sector. In this paper, international environmental governance in the steel industry is reviewed, and the current state of development of low‐carbon technologies is discussed. Additionally, low‐carbon pathways for the steel industry at the current time are proposed, emphasizing prevention and treatment strategies. Furthermore, the prospects of low‐carbon technologies are explored from the perspective of transitioning the energy structure to a “carbon–electricity–hydrogen” relationship. Overall, steel enterprises should adopt hydrogen‐rich metallurgical technologies that are compatible with current needs and process flows in the short term, based on the carbon substitution with hydrogen (prevention) and the CCU (CO2 capture and utilization) concepts (treatment). Additionally, the capture and utilization of CO2 for steelmaking, which can assist in achieving short‐term emission reduction targets but is not a long‐term solution, is discussed. In conclusion, in the long term, the carbon metallurgical process should be gradually supplanted by a hydrogen–electric synergistic approach, thus transforming the energy structure of existing steelmaking processes and attaining near‐zero carbon emission steelmaking technology.

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Section: A Carbon-electricity-hydrogen Ternary Relationship To Change...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects for green steelmaking technology with low carbon emissions in China

Fucheng,

Lukuo,

Ying

2024

Carbon Energy

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“…However, the existing TE materials can only work in a low-humidity air environment, because they are mostly aqueous solutions or have water solubility with ions diffusion leakage and swelling behavior in underwater environments. Although packaging is an alternative strategy to achieve underwater application, the packaging layer will inevitably disturb the flexibility and heat transfer [ 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Developing inherently water-resistant ionic TE material is still a significant challenge for underwater heat harvesting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-Resistant Thermoelectric Ionogel Enables Underwater Heat Harvesting

Wei

et al. 2023

Polymers

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The energy crisis is one of the most critical and urgent problems in modern society; thus, harvesting energy from ubiquitous low-grade heat energy with thermoelectric (TE) materials has become an available strategy in sustainable development. Recently, emerging ionic TE materials have been widely used to harvest low-grade heat energy, owing to their excellent performance in high ionic Seebeck coefficient, low thermal conductivity, and mechanical flexibility. However, the instability of ionic conductive materials in the underwater environment seriously suppresses underwater energy-harvesting, resulting in a waste of underwater low-grade heat energy. Herein, we developed a water-resistant TE ionogel (TEIG) with excellent long-term underwater stability utilizing a hydrophobic structure. Due to the hydrophobic polymer network and hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL), the TEIG exhibits high hydrophobicity and antiswelling capacity, which meets the requirement of environment stability for underwater thermoelectric application. Furthermore, the water resistance endows the TEIG with great thermoelectric performances in the underwater environment, including satisfactory ionic Seebeck coefficient, outstanding durability, and superior salt tolerance. Therefore, this investigation provides a promising strategy to design water-resistant TE materials, enabling a remarkable potential in harvesting low-grade heat energy under water.

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“…2 Employing a power cycle including a generator, thermal energy can be converted into mechanical work or electric power, which has had a vital role in society since the industrial revolution, and will likely remain a pivotal component of future energy networks. 3 Much attention has been paid to the Carbon Energy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Demonstration of a small‐scale power generator using supercritical CO₂

Li,

Tian,

Lin

et al. 2024

Carbon Energy

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The supercritical CO2 (sCO2) power cycle could improve efficiencies for a wide range of thermal power plants. The sCO2 turbine generator plays an important role in the sCO2 power cycle by directly converting thermal energy into mechanical work and electric power. The operation of the generator encounters challenges, including high temperature, high pressure, high rotational speed, and other engineering problems, such as leakage. Experimental studies of sCO2 turbines are insufficient because of the significant difficulties in turbine manufacturing and system construction. Unlike most experimental investigations that primarily focus on 100 kW‐ or MW‐scale power generation systems, we consider, for the first time, a small‐scale power generator using sCO2. A partial admission axial turbine was designed and manufactured with a rated rotational speed of 40,000 rpm, and a CO2 transcritical power cycle test loop was constructed to validate the performance of our manufactured generator. A resistant gas was proposed in the constructed turbine expander to solve the leakage issue. Both dynamic and steady performances were investigated. The results indicated that a peak electric power of 11.55 kW was achieved at 29,369 rpm. The maximum total efficiency of the turbo‐generator was 58.98%, which was affected by both the turbine rotational speed and pressure ratio, according to the proposed performance map.

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Water‐resistant organic thermoelectric generator with >10 μW output

Cited by 12 publications

References 87 publications

Prospects for green steelmaking technology with low carbon emissions in China

Prospects for green steelmaking technology with low carbon emissions in China

Water-Resistant Thermoelectric Ionogel Enables Underwater Heat Harvesting

Demonstration of a small‐scale power generator using supercritical CO₂

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Water‐resistant organic thermoelectric generator with >10 μW output

Cited by 12 publications

References 87 publications

Prospects for green steelmaking technology with low carbon emissions in China

Prospects for green steelmaking technology with low carbon emissions in China

Water-Resistant Thermoelectric Ionogel Enables Underwater Heat Harvesting

Demonstration of a small‐scale power generator using supercritical CO2

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Product

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About

Demonstration of a small‐scale power generator using supercritical CO₂