Water resources of the Republic of Kalmykia and measures to improve its water complex

Бородычев, В. В.; Dedova, E. B.; Sazanov, M. A.

doi:10.3103/s1068367415050055

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Коллекторно-дренажные воды после обессоливания и очистки могут терять свойства полноценной, кондиционной воды. Для восстановления продуктивных свойств воды, предназначенной для орошения сельскохозяйственных культур, предусматривается кондиционирование, включающее аэрацию, регулирование рН, химическую мелиорацию с целью предотвращения осолонцевания и содообразования почв, а также внесение микроэлементов, необходимых для растений [1][2][3].…”

Section: меXанизация сельского хозяйстваunclassified

“…В аридных условиях Республики Калмыкия исследованиями [1,2,4] выявлено, что воды местного стока, аккумулированные в водоемах (прудах, озерах и водохранилищах), имеют минерализацию в пределах от 1,5 до 6,0 г/л и ярко выраженную внутрисезонную амплитуду колебаний с возрастанием от весны к осени. Почвенный покров данной территории представлен светло-каштановыми суглинистыми почвами в комплексе с солонцами (от 30 до 40%).…”

Section: условия и методы проведения исследованийunclassified

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Technology of use of mineralized water for forage crops irrigation

Dedova

2022

Agrarnaâ nauka

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Relevance. The Republic of Kalmykia is located in the еuropean part of the arid belt of the Russian Federation, in which there is the water demand for social and industrial needs, for land reclamation development, for pasture lands watering and irrigated agriculture. The natural hydrographic network is very poorly developed. Local surface flood runoff is accumulated in numerous small water bodies (lakes, ponds and reservoirs). The qualitative composition of these waters is distinguished by a relatively high salt content (the degree of mineralization ranges from 2 to 6 g/l). The useful water runoff, depending on the average moisture content per year, varies from 0.5 to 30 million m3, which makes it possible to organize small areas of irrigation of the oasis (focal) type based on a database of water bodies. The largest volumes of drainage and waste water are formed in the Sarpinskaya, Chernozemelskaya and Pravo-Egorlykskaya irrigation and drainage systems, which makes it possible to reuse them. To prevent negative processes developing on the soils of the arid area when crops are irrigated with highly saline water, it is important to develop a technology for their usage.Methods. Long-term field studies on the development of an environmentally safe technology for growing fodder crops under irrigation with mineralized waters were carried out on zonal light-chestnut solonetz, light and medium loamy and brown semiarid soils. The objects of the research were agrocenoses of perennial (Medicago sativa L., Elytrigia elongata (Host) Nevski) and annual fodder crops (Amaranthus paniculatus, Sorghum sudanense, Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Pers.). The irrigation regime was maintained at a level not lower than the limit of water movement in the form of capillary currents (75–80% HB).Results. Agrotechnological measures have been developed to create optimal environmental conditions for growing fodder crops with highly saline water irrigation, including: the right choice of site, the selection of salt-resistant crops and the development of reclamation-forage crop rotations, the parameters of the water and nutrient regimes of the soil, ensuring hay yields at the level of 12–15 t/ha.

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Section: меXанизация сельского хозяйстваunclassified

Section: условия и методы проведения исследованийunclassified

Technology of use of mineralized water for forage crops irrigation

Dedova

2022

Agrarnaâ nauka

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“…One of the indicators of the development of karst processes is the level of river runoff and mineralization of groundwater. This feature of the rivers makes it possible to organize regime geoecological monitoring of the development and forecast the activation of destructive karst processes [4,5]. Also, an important role in the forecast of negative changes in groundwater in the territory of non-centralized water supply is played by the assessment of the karst hazard of the area.…”

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Algorithm for a Forecast Assessment of Negative Changes in Underground Water in the Territory of Non-Centralized Water Supply

Romanov

Kuzichkin

Vasiliev

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The water quality of non-centralized water supply sources largely depends on the presence of active karst processes. Underground waters of karst origin are a vulnerable component of the geological environment to the influence of modern anthropogenic factors that violate natural hydrogeological and geoecological conditions. One of the indicators of the development of karst processes is the level of river runoff and mineralization of underground water. The results of the analysis of these data make it possible to increase the efficiency of geoecological monitoring systems and to increase the accuracy of forecast estimates of negative changes in groundwater in the territory of non-centralized water supply. When processing heterogeneous spatial data, it is proposed to identify anomalous deviations of parameters. An algorithm has been developed that determines the critical states of karst water vulnerability indicators. A system of equations has been compiled to find the necessary value of the indicators of vulnerability of karst waters, at which the state of underground water passes into a critical state. The paper analyzes data on the salt content and electrical conductivity of groundwater at key points and the number of karst dips. Preliminary hydrogeological work was carried out to determine the conditions of movement of karst waters associated with the lithological heterogeneity of the massif and the degree of karst formation. The results obtained can be used to improve the regional model for assessing the resources of vulnerability and protection of groundwater and forecast the activation of destructive karst processes.

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Ion composition and qualitative indicators of water within the Chernozemelskaya water-irrigation system

Dedova

Dedov

Vershinin

et al. 2020

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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In Russia, the agro-industrial complex is a large consumer of water resources, which are used to supply water to rural settlements, food and processing industries, livestock complexes and poultry farms, irrigation of land, flooding of pastures and haylands, as well as for fishing, recreation and other purposes. To a large extent, the environmentally safe, cost-effective and socially oriented development of the region depends on the state and functioning of reclamation systems. The paper presents the results of long-term monitoring of the geochemical composition and water quality indicators of the Chernozemelskaya water-irrigation system (from 2002 to 2018) located on the territory of the Caspian lowland. Irrigation and drainage and surface waste of the system are found to have a level of mineralization ranging from 1.2 to 2.3 g/l with sulfate-chloride and chloride-sulfate, sodium chemism, while the medium activity is low and intermediate-mafic (pH=7.8-8.4). It is analyzed that the high level of Cl-, Na+, Mg2+ ions in irrigation water can cause salinization and alcalination of all types of soils.

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Water resources of the Republic of Kalmykia and measures to improve its water complex

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Technology of use of mineralized water for forage crops irrigation

Technology of use of mineralized water for forage crops irrigation

Algorithm for a Forecast Assessment of Negative Changes in Underground Water in the Territory of Non-Centralized Water Supply

Ion composition and qualitative indicators of water within the Chernozemelskaya water-irrigation system

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