Water, Sanitation and Agriculture Linkages With Health and Nutrition Improvement

Gerber, Nicolas; Braun, Joachim von; Usman, Muhammed Abdella; Hasan, Mohammad Monirul; Okyere, Charles Yaw; Vangani, Ruchi; Wiesmann, Doris

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3455952

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 106 publications

(179 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies have found that agricultural programmes, preventative health care (e.g., bednets), and environmental quality have heterogeneous (i.e., differential) effects on health in developing countries (Pan & Singhal, 2019;Okyere, 2020b) due to differences in biological and resource composition. Furthermore, previous studies address the effects of irrigation on a subset of household members, for instance, children (see, e.g., Klinkenberg et al, 2005;Gerber et al 2019;Okyere & Usman, 2021 5 ). We argue that these studies do not present the complete evidence on the potential effects of irrigation on health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐household health effects of irrigation in Southern Ghana^*

Okyere

Ankrah

Ahene-Codjoe

2021

Irrigation and Drainage

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This article targets the empirical space of well-defined theoretical and conceptual frameworks connecting irrigation to health outcomes but with limited evidence affected by observed and unobserved heterogeneity. Using a doubly robust estimator and panel data in Southern Ghana, the study finds that irrigation has mixed effects on health outcomes. The results show that there is no statistically significant increase in household and individual illness incidence, while that of malaria prevalence increases marginally for all individuals and substantially for children under 5 years. In contrast, the study finds a statistically significant increase in health status as very healthy of all individuals, females and males. The analyses of the pathways show that there is a decrease in per capita bednets and self-medication, while there are large improvements in health care financing and environmental quality. The overall findings suggest the possibility of irrigation leading to improvements in wellbeing, but this may come at the expense of increasing short-term health challenges.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐household health effects of irrigation in Southern Ghana^*

Okyere

Ankrah

Ahene-Codjoe

2021

Irrigation and Drainage

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Irrigation, drinking water quality, and child nutritional status in northern Ethiopia

Usman

Gerber

2020

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development

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In this paper we investigate the relationship between household drinking water quality and irrigation and child nutrition using primary household survey data and microbiological water sample testings in two rural districts of Ethiopia. Anthropometric measures such as height-for-age z-scores (HAZ), weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ), and weight-for-height z-scores (WHZ) were used to measure stunting, underweight, and wasting, respectively. Our survey results show that 41% of the children are stunted, 26% underweight, and 8% wasted. More than 58% of household's stored drinking water samples were also contaminated with Escherichia coli bacteria. The multivariate regression results suggest that irrigation farming and on-premises water sources are significantly associated with lower HAZ, while uncontaminated household stored drinking water quality is correlated with higher WAZ. The results also reveal that dietary diversity score and the number of antenatal care visits by the primary caretaker are statistically significant predictors of child nutritional status. These findings, however, cast doubt on the hypothesis that irrigated agriculture exclusively has a positive effect on child nutrition outcomes.

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Water, sanitation and hygiene coverage and practices of a semi-arid county in the Eastern region of Kenya

Kithuki

Opanga

Watulo

et al. 2021

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development

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Despite substantial progress in sanitation and hygiene in Kenya, its semi-arid regions still experience poor environmental conditions. Kitui County, a semi-arid region, is characterized by water supply shortages, poor sanitation and poor hygiene coverage. This study covers water, sanitation and hygiene coverage and practices in two subcounties of Kitui County. A cross-sectional survey using mixed methods of data collection was adopted. Seven hundred and fifty-seven households were included and household heads were interviewed. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Five focused group discussions and key informant interviews were conducted and data analyzed thematically. These revealed that a majority of people obtain their water from rivers (39.9%), with 57.4% walking more than 2 km to water sources. Only 11.9% of all water sources were available throughout the year. A total of 47.4% of people use 13.3 liters/capita/day with an average cost of Ksh. 35 per 20 liter jerry can, which was reported as costly. A total of 43.6% of people felt that the water they collected was not enough to meet their requirements. Filtering was the most common form of water purification, with a majority of people perceiving clear water as safe for drinking. Latrine coverage stood at 56.4% and open defecation at 8.5%. Access to safe and adequate water supply, hygiene and sanitation services to the community continues to be poor and hence WASH interventions need to be scaled up for meeting recommended national standards.

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Water, Sanitation and Agriculture Linkages With Health and Nutrition Improvement

Cited by 4 publications

References 106 publications

Intra‐household health effects of irrigation in Southern Ghana^*

Intra‐household health effects of irrigation in Southern Ghana^*

Irrigation, drinking water quality, and child nutritional status in northern Ethiopia

Water, sanitation and hygiene coverage and practices of a semi-arid county in the Eastern region of Kenya

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Water, Sanitation and Agriculture Linkages With Health and Nutrition Improvement

Cited by 4 publications

References 106 publications

Intra‐household health effects of irrigation in Southern Ghana*

Intra‐household health effects of irrigation in Southern Ghana*

Irrigation, drinking water quality, and child nutritional status in northern Ethiopia

Water, sanitation and hygiene coverage and practices of a semi-arid county in the Eastern region of Kenya

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Intra‐household health effects of irrigation in Southern Ghana^*

Intra‐household health effects of irrigation in Southern Ghana^*