Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dĂŒrfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dĂŒrfen die Dokumente nicht fĂŒr öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfĂ€ltigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugĂ€nglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur VerfĂŒgung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewĂ€hrten Nutzungsrechte.
Terms of use:
Documents in
AcknowledgementsThe research which led to this publication was financed by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation under the broader project of AG-WATSAN Nexus Project undertaken by the Center for Development Research (ZEF) of the University of Bonn, Germany. The authors thank the Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar for their collaboration during field research. We thank all the field assistants and supervisors for their excellent work during data collection and database management. The authors also thank Dr. Bhavini Shah and the team of lab technicians at Supratech Laboratory for carrying out the strenuous task of testing the microbiological quality of our water samples.
AbstractThe ever-growing population of India, along with the increasing competition for water for productive uses in different sectors -especially irrigated agriculture and related local water systems and drainage -poses a challenge in an effort to improve water quality and sanitation. In rural and peri-urban settings, where agriculture is one of the main sources of livelihood, the type of water use in irrigated agriculture has complex interactions with drinking water and sanitation. In particular, the multi-purpose character of irrigation and drainage infrastructure creates several interlinks between water, sanitation (WATSAN) and agriculture and there is a competition for water quantity between domestic water use and irrigated agriculture. This study looks at the determinants of the microbiological quality of stored drinking water among households residing in areas where communities use different types of irrigation water. The study used multiple tube fermentation method 'Most Probable Number (MPN) technique, a WHO recommended technique, to identify thermotolerant fecal coliforms and E. coli in water in the laboratory (WHO 1993). Overall, we found that the microbiological water quality was poor. The stored water generally had very high levels of Escherichia coli (E. coli) contamination, 80% of the households had water in storage that could not be considered potable as per the World Health Organization (WHO) standards, and 73% of the households were using a contaminated water source. The quality of household storage water was largely unaffected by the major household socioeconomic characteristics, such as wealth, education level or social status. Households using surface water for irrigation had poor drinking water quality, even after controlling for ...