Water Saturation in Transition Zone in Carbonate Reservoirs: Reconciling Open Hole Log and Capillary Pressure

Zahaf, Kamal; Bourdarot, Gilles; Low, Steven

doi:10.2118/171790-ms

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

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“…Due to the lack of knowledge of Archie exponents such as m and especially n value, the log-derived saturation can bear considerable unreliability. Moreover, in the transition zone, True Formation Resistivity evaluation presents a wide range of uncertainties (Zahaf et al, 2014). Therefore, there is a strong need for an independent source of water saturation profile like water saturation from the SHF model.…”

Section: Sw Estimation Using Built Shf For Each Depth Above Fwlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Saturation Height Function (SHF) for the classified Hydraulic Flow Unit, a case study from the Middle Miocene Carbonate reservoir in the Song Hong Basin, Vietnam

Nguyen,

Ha,

Nguyen

et al. 2023

JMES

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The Middle Miocene carbonate is the main gas bearing reservoir in the southern part of the Song Hong basin. Carbonate reservoirs present challenges for engineers and geologists to characterize because of their complexity due to depositional and diagenetic processes. The log based calculated water saturation Sw for this complex carbonate reservoir bears a lot of uncertainties due to its heterogeneity that strongly affects to m and n values in the water saturation equation. As the calculated Sw strongly affects the Hydrocarbon Initially In Place (HIIP) estimation, the production performance prediction, etc., the alternative method using the Saturation Height Function (SHF) based on the capillary pressure was introduced. The SHF building process uses the combination of the result of HFU classification and permeability prediction given by machine learning methods, which have become a very useful tool for complex reservoir characterization such as carbonate reservoir for decades. Our obtained results allowed us to subdivide the carbonate reservoir into 5 Hydraulic Flow Unit (HFU) by using unsupervised machine learning methods, and then the capillary pressure (Pc) curves were classified and a proper saturation-height function using Skelt Harrison equation was assigned to individual HFU after testing with common SHF equations. The HFU number for each individual point was predicted based on the log data measured along the borehole using the supervised machine learning techniques while the Sw was calculated using the chosen SHF model and the FWL defined on log curves and pressure data from RCI measurement. The Sw computed from the SHF model is reliable and can be used for water saturation estimation for the whole field for known FWL and predicted HFU numbers.

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Section: Sw Estimation Using Built Shf For Each Depth Above Fwlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing a Saturation Height Function (SHF) for the classified Hydraulic Flow Unit, a case study from the Middle Miocene Carbonate reservoir in the Song Hong Basin, Vietnam

Nguyen,

Ha,

Nguyen

et al. 2023

JMES

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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A comprehensive review on characterization and modeling of thick capillary transition zones in carbonate reservoirs

Bera¹,

Belhaj²

2016

Journal of Unconventional Oil and Gas Resources

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Evolution of Reservoir Management and Development Strategy of a Giant Offshore Field in Abu Dhabi

Khan¹,

Neaimi²,

Al-Shehhi³

et al. 2017

Day 4 Thu, November 16, 2017

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Reservoir management has been defined in many different ways, such as, "a sequence of resource–deployment decisions made to maintain optimum economic recovery of petroleum", "the application of available technology and knowledge to a reservoir system in order to control operations and maximize economic recovery within given management environment", "rely on use of financial, technological, and human resources, while minimizing capital investments and operating expenses to maximize economic recovery of oil and gas from a reservoir" (Thakur 1996) etc. Overall, the whole purpose of reservoir management is to help oil companies make the best decisions to meet specific objective using all the available resources. Essentially a reservoir management & development strategy is comprised of various elements; however, the purpose of this work is to shed light at the key elements, which were recently revisited to tackle the evolving changes in reservoir conditions for a giant Abu Dhabi Field, with a development and production history of over 50 years. The intent on this paper is to share the unique methodology adopted to address the sector-based reservoir performance and to generate the relevant opportunities to tackle the pertaining issues.

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Water Saturation in Transition Zone in Carbonate Reservoirs: Reconciling Open Hole Log and Capillary Pressure

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Developing a Saturation Height Function (SHF) for the classified Hydraulic Flow Unit, a case study from the Middle Miocene Carbonate reservoir in the Song Hong Basin, Vietnam

Developing a Saturation Height Function (SHF) for the classified Hydraulic Flow Unit, a case study from the Middle Miocene Carbonate reservoir in the Song Hong Basin, Vietnam

A comprehensive review on characterization and modeling of thick capillary transition zones in carbonate reservoirs

Evolution of Reservoir Management and Development Strategy of a Giant Offshore Field in Abu Dhabi

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