Water-saving techniques: physiological responses and regulatory mechanisms of crops

Abstract

Water-saving irrigation techniques play a crucial role in addressing water scarcity challenges and promoting sustainable agriculture. However, the selection of appropriate water-saving irrigation methods remains a challenge in agricultural production. Additionally, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of crops under water-saving irrigation are not yet clear. This review summarizes the latest research developments in the application of different water-saving irrigation technologies to five important crops (rice, wheat, soybeans, maize, and cotton). It provides an overview of the impact of different irrigation techniques on crop yield, water use efficiency (WUE), physiology, growth, and environmental effects. Additionally, the review compares and contrasts the molecular regulatory mechanisms of crops under water-saving irrigation techniques with those under traditional drought stress, emphasizing the significance of combining irrigation technologies with genetic engineering for developing drought-resistant varieties and improving WUE. Furthermore, the integration of various technologies can stimulate new management strategies, optimize water resource utilization, and enhance sustainability, representing a major focus for future research. In conclusion, this review underscores the importance of water-saving irrigation technologies, especially when combined with genetic engineering, in addressing water resource scarcity, increasing crop yields, and promoting sustainable agriculture.

Unravelling Abiotic Stress Physiology in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.): Biotechnological Interventions in Mitigating Abiotic Stress

“…Understanding the multifaceted impacts of heat stress on cotton and adopting proactive measures to mitigate its effects is crucial for sustaining cotton production, maintaining fiber and quality, and ensuring yield stability in the face of escalating temperature extremes due to climate change [76]. Osmoregulation-related genes, protein-acting genes, and transcription-regulatory factor genes shed light on cotton's mechanism to regulate its internal environment in response to stress [77]. Understanding these genes and their functions can pave the way for developing genetically engineered cotton varieties that exhibit improved tolerance to adverse environmental conditions [78].…”