Water soluble PEGylated phenothiazines as valuable building blocks for bio-materials

Pegylation of phenothiazine – A synthetic route towards potent anticancer drugs

“…They presented excellent solubility in water and common organic solvents ( Figure S1 ), and were hydrolytic stable on an investigation period of 7 days. However, a deeper investigation of their water solutions by DLS and UV–vis showed that they self-assembled into nanoaggregates, at the critical aggregation concentration of 8.7x10 -4 and 9.23x10 -4 mM for PP and PPO respectively ( Figure S2 , Figure S3 ) [11] . The hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoaggregates was dependent on the solution concentration, decreasing from 289 to 106 nm for PP , and from 322 to 63 nm for PPO when the concentration decreased from 10 to 0.1 mM, rationally explained by the variation of the molecules density which influenced the aggregate size, i.e.…”

“…Recent advances in the tumour therapy demonstrated that PEG is a great building block for enhancing the drugs efficiency by protecting them against various degradation mechanisms that are active inside the tissues or cells [53] . The investigation of studied PEGylated phenothiazines showed that PEG chains prompted the formation of nanoaggregates with a phenothiazine core protected by a PEG shell [11] , [54] , [55] . In this view, the PPO and PP in blank medium and in contact with various cells were analysed by brightfield microscopy.…”

“…The compounds under study were synthesized using protocols from our previous study [11] . Briefly, the synthesis of 10-(methoxy poly(ethylene glycol))-10 H -phenothiazine ( PP ) was realized by N-alkylation of phenothiazine with 2-methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) 4-methylbenzenesulfonate in DMF, using sodium hydride for phenothiazine deprotonation [11] . The product was purified by column chromatography (DCM:methanol 10:1, v/v), giving a deep red viscous liquid.…”

“…The synthesis of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) 2-(10 H -phenothiazin-10-yl) acetate ( PPO ) was realized by an esterification reaction of the 2-(10 H -phenothiazin-10-yl) acetic acid with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) in DCM, in the presence of DMAP and DCC [11] . The product was purified by column chromatography (DCM/methanol, 10/1, v/v), when an orange viscous liquid was obtained.…”

Prospects and Challenges of the Drug Delivery Systems in Endometriosis Pain Management: Experimental and Theoretical Aspects

“…Drug delivery is a research direction of high contemporary interest, meant to improve the bioavailability of therapeutic drugs, to overcome impairments such as limited drug solubility or tendency of aggregation and to limit their side effects by targeted delivery. In time, many types of drug carriers were proposed to fulfill the requirements of in vivo drug release, such as liposomes, hydrogels, nanogels, and micelles [ 15 – 18 ]. Among them, the hydrogels present the advantage of high similarity with human tissues, while those based on natural or derivatives of natural have good biocompatibility and biodegradability.…”