“…Room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials play a pivotal role in bioimaging, anticounterfeiting, information encryption, optical displays, and chemical detection. − At present, most RTP materials are precious metals, rare element–containing inorganic materials, or organic–inorganic complexes and are associated with high costs, high toxicity, low processability, and difficult fabrication processes, hindering their practical applications. − In recent years, several studies have reported that certain natural products, such as cellulose, maltose, agarose, and sodium alginate, without a well-defined chromophore or conjugated structure exhibit fluorescence or/and RTP in concentrated solution or solid-state conditions. These molecules usually contain heteroatom groups (groups containing, e.g., N, O, and S) and exhibit concentration-dependent fluorescence and excitation-dependent emission.…”