Water treeing in polyethylene cables

Steennis, E.F.; Kreuger, F.H.

doi:10.1109/14.59869

Cited by 205 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…WT forms in solid dielectric materials such as crosslink polyethylene (XLPE) [16]. It occurs when the surrounding humidity is higher than 65 percent [17]. Starting from small voids, it grows slowly by increasing the surrounding electrical field and producing voltage stress at this point.…”

Section: Water Treementioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Water-Tree Fault on Ferroresonance in Underground Cables

Sun¹,

Makram²,

Xu³

2017

JPEE

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Nowadays, more and more electrical power is being distributed to customers by underground cables rather than overhead transmission lines due to their advantage of providing better protection in inclement weather. They also have significantly reduced electromagnetic field emission because of their copper shielding. But underground cables have larger capacitance than transmission lines per unit. Thus, ferroresonance is more likely to occur in distribution systems using underground cables. Moreover, soil humidity at a depth of one meter remains 100 percent for most of the year, a factor that risks the occurrence of water tree (WT) in cables. Consequently, both ferroresonance and WT are prone to occur in underground cable systems. The objective of this paper is to determine the relationship between ferroresonance and water tree. A test system was designed to simulate and analyze ferroresonance in a cable system caused by single-phase switch and water tree. Eight scenarios of water tree were compared in the simulation. There sponses of ferroresonance are presented in this paper and two common patterns are observed from the simulation results.

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Section: Water Treementioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Water-Tree Fault on Ferroresonance in Underground Cables

Sun¹,

Makram²,

Xu³

2017

JPEE

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“…It both increases the probability of breakdown and decreases the breakdown strength. Figure 2 [5,6] shows that water treeing leads to a reduction in breakdown strength (as well as changes in the dielectric and viscoelastic response [4]). Degradation due to water trees typically leads, after a period of months to years, to electrical treeing.…”

Section: Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing, Space Charge and Nanodielectrics: Ten Things We Don't Know About Dielectrics

Fothergill

2007

2007 IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics

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Three areas of considerable progress are identified in the area of polymeric insulation since the mid 1990s (i.e. since the inception of the Eric O. Forster Memorial Lectures): the understanding of ageing, the measurement of space charge, and the development of nanodielectrics. The paper proposes a typology to distinguish and define electrical ageing, degradation and breakdown. With reference to the principal theories of thermo-ageing, it is concluded that there is little direct evidence for ageing even though it is likely to exist, at least above a critical field. The capability to measure space charge has improved considerably and this shows considerable potential as a diagnostic tool. Space charge behaviour is extremely difficult to analyse and general predictions may be impossible in practice. It is, however, necessary to control space charge accumulation in HVDC systems. Nanodielectrics continue to offer promise and understanding is improving in this area, particularly in the development of models of interaction zones around nanoparticles.

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“…The diminution of energy barrier W 0 with degradation is a consequence of the increasing facility in the movement of charge carriers, which is due to the destruction of the internal structure of the polymer known as "water treeing" [2,4,35]. The increase of α 0 as an effect of the diminution of W 0 is given by equation (4).…”

Section: Variations Of {I 0 M} With G(%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That is why industries of PE production and fabrication of cables as well as utilities for energy distribution are very interested in the study of water trees. Their existence has been known for the last thirty years (for reviews, see [1,2]). Water trees are small-damaged zones that can appear in polymeric insulations of ac medium and high voltage (MV, HV) cables [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dielectric characterization and conduction modelling of a water tree degraded LDPE

Acedo

Frutos

Radu

et al. 2006

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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Distribution of electric energy by extruded polymer insulated cables continues to be a subject of outstanding relevance in modern industrialized countries all over the world. Dielectric characterization, conduction modelling and finally diagnostics of polymeric insulations are necessary steps towards the development of reliable and less expensive robust technologies of electric power distribution. This paper is devoted to a detailed experimental / theoretical study of the conductive properties of LDPE affected by different levels of degradation by water trees. Water tree layers of different lengths were grown in accelerated conditions and were characterized by water tree kinetics, time-dependent permittivity and polarization current. The polarization current was found to obey a Curie-von Schweidler law whose parameters were used to characterize the effect of ageing time. A new conduction model that takes into account dipole interactions and was obtained from a two-wells Debye model is presented which allows us to give an interpretation of the effect of ageing. This laboratory study was intended to improve the characterization of service power cables aged by water trees.

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Water treeing in polyethylene cables

Cited by 205 publications

References 63 publications

Impacts of Water-Tree Fault on Ferroresonance in Underground Cables

Impacts of Water-Tree Fault on Ferroresonance in Underground Cables

Ageing, Space Charge and Nanodielectrics: Ten Things We Don't Know About Dielectrics

Dielectric characterization and conduction modelling of a water tree degraded LDPE

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