Water Uptake and Distribution in Germinating Tobacco Seeds Investigated in Vivo by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Manz, B.; Müller, Kerstin; Kucera, Birgit; Volke, F.; Leubner‐Metzger, Gerhard

doi:10.1104/pp.105.061663

Cited by 185 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Highfield magnets have been used to perform techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance microscopy (Bottomley et al, 1986;Scheenen et al, 2000;Van As, 2007), that provided an integrated view of the topological distribution of water in plant tissues such as seeds (Manz et al, 2005), stems (Van As, 2007), and leaves (Veres et al, 1993). These techniques may also help to detect water movement through xylem vessels (Van As, 2007) and may reveal a contribution of bound water consequent to membrane injury (Maheswari et al, 1999) or changes of membrane permeability during osmotic stresses (van der Weerd et al, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Investigation of Leaf Water Status by Portable Unilateral Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

et al. 2009

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A portable unilateral nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument was used to detect in field conditions the water status of leaves of herbaceous crops (Zea mays, Phaseolus vulgaris), mesophyllous trees (Populus nigra), and natural Mediterranean vegetation characterized by water-spending shrubs (Cistus incanus) and water-saving sclerophyllous trees (Quercus ilex). A good relationship was observed between NMR signal, leaf relative water content, and leaf transpiration in herbaceous leaves undergoing fast dehydration or slowly developing a drought stress. A relationship was also observed between NMR signal and water potential of Populus leaves during the development of a water stress and when leaves recovered from the stress. In the natural vegetation, the relationship between NMR signal and water status was found in Cistus, the species characterized by high transpiration rates, when measured during a drought stress period and after a rainfall. In the case of the sclerophyllous Quercus, the NMR signal, the relative water content, and the transpiration rate did not change at different leaf water status, possibly because a large amount of water is compartmentalized in cellular structures and macromolecules. The good association between NMR signal and relative water content was lost in leaves exposed for 24 h to dehydration or to an osmotic stress caused by polyethylene glycol feeding. At this time, the transverse relaxation time became longer than in leaves maintained under optimal water conditions, and two indicators of membrane damage, the ion leakage and the emission of products of membrane lipoxygenation [(Z)-3-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexenol, and (E)-2-hexenol], increased. These results taken all together give information on the physiological state of a leaf under a developing stress and show the usefulness of the NMR instrumentation for screening vegetation health and fitness in natural and cultivated conditions. It is concluded that the portable unilateral NMR instrument may be usefully employed in field conditions to monitor nondestructively the water status of plants and to assist agricultural practices, such as irrigation scheduling, to minimize stomatal closure and the consequent limitation to plant production.

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confidence: 99%

In Situ Investigation of Leaf Water Status by Portable Unilateral Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

et al. 2009

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“…Thus, the seeds of tobacco and Arabidopsis (both of which are well established as model species) have so far remained inaccessible. To the best of our knowledge, only few NMR studies were devoted to small seeds (Manz et al, 2005;Seongjin, 2008), but despite their technical advance, they were not quit appropriate either for lipid detection or for detailed topological studies. In contrast, our protocols have been able to image individual tobacco seeds and their major internal organs.…”

Section: Nmr Is a Versatile Tool For In Vivo Analysis Of Tobacco Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Noninvasive Platform for Imaging and Quantifying Oil Storage in Submillimeter Tobacco Seed

et al. 2012

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While often thought of as a smoking drug, tobacco (Nicotiana spp.) is now considered as a plant of choice for molecular farming and biofuel production. Here, we describe a noninvasive means of deriving both the distribution of lipid and the microtopology of the submillimeter tobacco seed, founded on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology. Our platform enables counting of seeds inside the intact tobacco capsule to measure seed sizes, to model the seed interior in three dimensions, to quantify the lipid content, and to visualize lipid gradients. Hundreds of seeds can be simultaneously imaged at an isotropic resolution of 25 mm, sufficient to assess each individual seed. The relative contributions of the embryo and the endosperm to both seed size and total lipid content could be assessed. The extension of the platform to a range of wild and cultivated Nicotiana species demonstrated certain evolutionary trends in both seed topology and pattern of lipid storage. The NMR analysis of transgenic tobacco plants with seed-specific ectopic expression of the plastidial phosphoenolpyruvate/phosphate translocator, displayed a trade off between seed size and oil concentration. The NMR-based assay of seed lipid content and topology has a number of potential applications, in particular providing a means to test and optimize transgenic strategies aimed at the manipulation of seed size, seed number, and lipid content in tobacco and other species with submillimeter seeds.

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“…Expression of endo-β-1, 3-glucanase in the micropylar endosperm, its inhibition by ABA and the inhibition of endosperm rupture by ABA is widespread among the Solanaceae (Wu et al, 2000;Leubner-Metzger, 2003;Petruzzelli et al, 2003). The ABA inhibition of endosperm rupture is partially reverted in transgenic tobacco seeds that overexpress endo-β-1,3-glucanase in the seed-covering layers under the control of an ABA-inducible transgene promoter LeubnerMetzger, 2002;Manz et al, 2005). This directly proves that endo-β-1,3-glucanase is causally involved in promoting endosperm rupture, but it is not the sole 'hatching enzyme' (Leubner-Metzger, 2003).…”

Section: Aba Endosperm Hydrolases and Endosperm Weakening In Establimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although ABA inhibits the embryo growth potential and the transition to postgermination growth, it does not inhibit initial water uptake by imbibition or initial embryo elongation (Liptay and Schopfer, 1983;Schopfer and Plachy, 1984;Homrichhausen et al, 2003;Manz et al, 2005). We measured the regulation of water uptake of germinating tobacco seeds spatially and temporally by in vivo 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) microimaging and 1 H-MAS NMR spectroscopy (Manz et al, 2005).…”

Section: Aba Inhibition Of Seed Germination: Aba Inhibits Endosperm Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We measured the regulation of water uptake of germinating tobacco seeds spatially and temporally by in vivo 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) microimaging and 1 H-MAS NMR spectroscopy (Manz et al, 2005). These non-destructive state-of-the-art methods show that water distribution in the water uptake phases II and III is inhomogeneous (Fig.…”

Section: Aba Inhibition Of Seed Germination: Aba Inhibits Endosperm Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Emerging and established model systems for endosperm weakening.

Leubner‐Metzger¹,

Kucera²,

Müller³

et al. 2007

Seeds: Biology, Development and Ecology. Proceedings of the Eighth International Workshop on Seeds, Brisbane, Australia, May 20

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Endosperm rupture is the main germination-limiting process in members of the Asteraceae (e.g. lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) ) and Solanaceae (e.g. tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). About four decades ago a 'hatching enzyme' was proposed to cause endosperm weakening (i.e. a decline in the mechanical resistance of the micropylar endosperm), which is likely to be essential for seeds to complete germination. Although, there are established model systems among Asteraceae and Solanaceae for endosperm weakening, its molecular mechanism(s) still remain(s) a mystery. No single 'hatching enzyme' or universal molecular mechanism has been demonstrated explicitly. For the time being, the provisional conclusion is that endosperm weakening is likely to be achieved by the collaborative or successive action of several distinct molecular mechanisms. The knowledge gained from these established model systems will be compared and discussed. However, consideration of their severe experimental limitations shows that there is an urgent need for novel model systems. Such an optimal system has been recently found within the Brassicaceae. In this emerging model system for endosperm weakening, a complete study of the process is possible on each experimental level, from the direct measurement of the weakening by 'puncture force' to molecular investigations (e.g. proteome and genome transcriptome analyses).

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Water Uptake and Distribution in Germinating Tobacco Seeds Investigated in Vivo by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Cited by 185 publications

References 65 publications

In Situ Investigation of Leaf Water Status by Portable Unilateral Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

In Situ Investigation of Leaf Water Status by Portable Unilateral Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

A Noninvasive Platform for Imaging and Quantifying Oil Storage in Submillimeter Tobacco Seed

Emerging and established model systems for endosperm weakening.

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