Water use patterns of eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum) and hairy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides) in response to shading and water stress

Abstract

Tan, C. S. and Weaver, S. E. 1997. Water use patterns of eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum) and hairy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides) in response to shading and water stress. Can. J. Plant Sci. 77: 261-265. Greenhouse and growth room experiments were conducted to determine the effects of shading and water stress on transpiration of eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum) and hairy nightshade (S. sarrachoides). Transpiration rates were estimated using heat balance stem flow gauges. Eastern black nightshade transpired significantly more water than hairy nightshade given ample water and light. Eastern black nightshade also transpired more water than hairy nightshade when shaded. Transpiration of both species increased with light intensity and was relatively insensitive to changes in soil volumetric water content above 0.10 m 3 m -3 , but declined sharply below that level. Eastern black nightshade had significantly more stomata than hairy nightshade, particularly on the lower leaf surface. Les taux de transpiration étaient estimés par une méthode de bilan calorifique au moyen de flux-mètres caulinaires. En bonne condition d'éclairement et d'alimentation en eau, la morelle noire de l'est transpirait significativement plus que la morelle poilue. Sa transpiration était également plus abondante en milieu ombragé. Chez les deux espèces, la transpiration augmentait avec l'intensité lumineuse. Par ailleurs elle était relativement insensible au changement de teneur volumétrique en eau du sol au-delà de 0,10 m 3 m -3 , mais en deçà de ce niveau, elle accusait une diminution brutale. La morelle noire de l'est porte significativement plus de stomates que la morelle poilue, spécialement à la surface inférieure des feuilles.

Potential of soil amendments (Biochar and Gypsum) in increasing water use efficiency of Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench

“…This water crisis affects the productivity as well as yield of crops (Huaqi et al, 2002). In arid and semiarid regions, water stress is also faced by plants in two conditions, either when water supply is reduced or the rate of transpiration may become very high than the normal rate (Tan and Weaver, 1997). …”

Sticky Nightshade Infestation and Dispersion on an Integrated Soybean-Eucalyptus System at Subtropical Brazil

“…Moreover, for other Solanum weed species, there is evidence of the interactive effect of water limitation and shade (Tan and Weaver, 1997) and only shade or light quality alteration on weed growth (Crotser et al, 2003). In brief, under reduced light availability, there was a lower snap flow rate per unit of leaf area when compared to full light availability, as the water availability increased for S. ptycanthum and S. sarrachoides (Tan and Weaver, 1997). As shade increased from 0 to 71%, S. ptycanthum decreased shoot weight, and this decrease was associated with lower stem weight, but shade did not reduce leaf weight or leaf area (Crotser et al, 2003).…”