Water-Vapor Adsorption on Clays

Johansen, R.T.

doi:10.1346/ccmn.1957.0060119

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…They were considered to be more representative of the areas in an aqueous medium than BrunauerEmmett-Teller (B.E.T.) values from nitrogen adsorption, which are about 30 per cent higher and show little variation with ionic type (Johansen and Dunning, 1959;Keenan, Mooney, and Wood, 1951). …”

Section: Surface Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Conductance and Electrokinetic Properties of Kaolinite Beds

Lorenz

1969

Clays and clay miner.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-A technique was developed for forming clay beds of uniform porosity between 48 and 62 per cent. The surface conductance and streaming potential of sodium kaolinite were determined over a range of values. Zeta potential as calculated from the classical formula was about -30 mV at neutral pH and changed sign at pH 4. The surface conductivity of the sodium clay at various pH values was directly proportional to the zeta potential and from 12 to more than 30 times as large as the calculated electrokinetic surface conductivity. Similar measurements were made on kaolinite in the acid (hydrogen-aluminum) and calcium forms. The acid clay fitted the experimental correlation found for the sodium series, but the calcium clay, with less than one-tenth of the zeta potential of the sodium clay at neutral pH, had half its surface conductance. The results are interpreted as showing that exchangeable ions on kaolinite are mostly in a condensed layer on the surface where the mobility determines surface conductance. The surface mobilities for Na, Ca and H-A1 are 20, 8 and 0 per cent of normal, respectively. Apparently hydrogen ion from the solution is very effective in replacing sodium, which exhibits its electrokinetic and conductive properties in proportion to its concentration on the surface.

show abstract

Section: Surface Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Conductance and Electrokinetic Properties of Kaolinite Beds

Lorenz

1969

Clays and clay miner.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, Rose (1971) noted that although hysteresis in dry soils may be real and complicated, its effect will be masked by environmental factors such as temperature and can, therefore, be ignored. However, several studies have clearly shown that even under very dry conditions hysteresis occurs in both source clays and soil samples (Arthur et al, 2013;Johansen & Dunning, 1957;Lu & Khorshidi, 2015;Prunty & Bell, 2007;Shvarov & Koreneva, 2008). Consideration of hysteresis under such dry conditions is crucial for accurate modelling of water vapour flow in arid regions (Bittelli et al, 2008), for quantification of soil evaporation (Or, Lehmann, Shahraeeni, & Shokri, 2013) and for ensuring correct estimation of soil properties from hygroscopic water content measurements (Wuddivira et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clay content and mineralogy, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity affect water vapour sorption hysteresis of soil

Arthur

Tuller

Møldrup

et al. 2019

European J Soil Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The hysteretic behaviour of the dry region (<−1.5 MPa) of the soil water characteristic, which is of the essence for accurate characterization and modelling of bio‐physicochemical soil processes under dry conditions, is well documented. However, knowledge about how to best quantify water vapour sorption hysteresis and about the effects of soil properties on dry‐region hysteretic behaviour is limited. To overcome this knowledge gap, we proposed a new method for quantifying sorption hysteresis and evaluated its applicability based on measured sorption isotherms of four source clay minerals and 147 soil samples. Furthermore, the effects of clay mineralogy, clay content, soil organic carbon (SOC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) on the magnitude of sorption hysteresis were investigated. For the clay minerals, kaolinite did not exhibit hysteretic behaviour, illite showed some hysteresis, whereas Na‐ and Ca‐smectite exhibited strong hysteretic behaviour. The average hysteresis, corrected for clay and SOC contents, was strongly reflective of the dominant clay mineralogy of the soil samples. For the soil samples with low SOC content, the average hysteresis significantly increased with increasing clay content (R2 = 0.92), except for the kaolinite‐rich samples (R2 = 0.35). The SOC‐rich samples that exhibited illitic clay mineralogy and similar soil texture showed a significant increase in average hysteresis with increasing organic carbon content (R2 = 0.93). For all soil samples combined, the CEC was the strongest indicator for the magnitude of water vapour sorption hysteresis. Highlights A new index for quantification of soil vapour sorption hysteresis was proposed Large SOC and clay content increased sorption hysteresis For soil samples, dominant clay mineralogy controlled the magnitude of hysteresis Cation exchange capacity was the best predictor of hysteresis for all soil types

show abstract

“…Next, the samples, including the controls, were washed intensively with 0.1 mol dm ±3 NaCl solution and adjusted to pH around 7. Because water vapor adsorption processes strongly depend on kind of exchange ions (Johansen and Dunning, 1959), the samples were finally transferred into homoionic calcium forms. Some properties of calcium form of the soils are presented in Table 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of extreme acid and alkali treatment on surface properties of soils

Józefaciuk

Hoffmann

Renger

et al. 2000

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Effects of natural or anthropogenic soil acidification and alkalization on chemical or biological properties have been studied extensively while little is known about changes in physicochemical characteristics, such as surface area or adsorption energy. To investigate this, samples of six Polish soils (Inceptisols, Mollisols) and three Korean soils (Alfisols, Ultisols) of different origin and mineral composition were acidified and alkalized with elevated concentrations of hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide ranging from 0.001 to 1 mol dm—3. Surface properties of these soils were studied. The surface area and average adsorption energy decreased in general in both treatments. The treatments induced the decrease in amount of high and medium energy centers, however the fraction of low energy centers increased. The behavior of surface properties differed from the above at treatments at highest reagent concentrations, especially for Korean soils, rich in clay and iron oxides. The general pattern of the adsorption energy decrease observed in most of the soils indicates that the overall water binding forces become lower after treatments. In this case the soil water may be more available for plants, despite its amount decreases.

show abstract

Water-Vapor Adsorption on Clays

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Surface Conductance and Electrokinetic Properties of Kaolinite Beds

Surface Conductance and Electrokinetic Properties of Kaolinite Beds

Clay content and mineralogy, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity affect water vapour sorption hysteresis of soil

Effect of extreme acid and alkali treatment on surface properties of soils

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About