Waterbird community in Pulau Rambut Wildlife Sanctuary, Jakarta Bay: Review on species composition and population size after thirty years

Abstract

In the Jakarta Bay area, Pulau Rambut, a 25-ha island, has been known as an important breeding/nesting site for 15 waterbird species. Land-use change and habitat deterioration potentially have some impact on the waterbird population. The objective of this research was to compare species composition and population size of waterbirds nesting in Pulau Rambut after 30 years (1990-2020), and provide an analysis on the possible causes of the change. Secondary data on population size and species composition were used for analysis. Habitat changes in the foraging habitat were observed intermittently. Black-headed ibis and Little-pied cormorant were extirpated from the island, thus the species number was decreased to 13. Population size of all waterbirds was greatly decreased (from 10,180 to 4,950 individuals). However, the population of the endangered Milky stork has increased, from 24 (0.2%) to 78 (1.6%) individuals, possibly due to additional birds migrating from the eastern coast of Sumatra. There was a significant change in the species composition (paired t-test; t=0.488, P<0.01), with Cormorants still dominated the community. Possible causes of the population decrease were the shrinking wetlands in Java as waterbirds’ foraging habitat, and deterioration of mangroves as nest trees in Pulau Rambut due oil pollution.

Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung di Pulau Untung Jawa Kepulauan Seribu Provinsi DKI Jakarta

“…Pulau Untung Jawa merupakan bagian dari gugusan Kepulauan Seribu di Teluk Jakarta dengan luas 40,1 hektar dengan penggunaan sebagai areal permukiman. Secara umum, habitat alami yang umum di Kepulauan Seribu adalah hutan mangrove, hutan pantai, maupun hutan sekunder campuran (Afdan et al, 2022;Mardiastuti, 2022;Santoso, 2005). Selain itu, terdapat juga habitat buatan berupa permukiman di beberapa pulau yang berpenghuni, termasuk Pulau Untung Jawa.…”

“…Pulau Untung Jawa berjarak hanya + 800 meter dari Pulau Rambut yang berstatus Suaka Margasatwa Pulau Rambut (SMPR). Kawasan SMPR diketahui sebagai habitat burung air dengan koloni yang sangat melimpah hingga hampir mencapai 5.000 ekor dengan 13 jenis burung air, jumlah yang menurun drastis dibandingkan populasi Tahun 1992 yang mencapai lebih dari 10.000 ekor (Mardiastuti, 2022). Selain burung air, terdapat juga komunitas burung terestrial dengan keanekaragaman lebih tinggi namun populasi kecil.…”

“…Jenis burung air sebagian merupakan jenis yang juga dijumpai di SMPR yaitu Cangak besar dan Kuntul kecil (Mardiastuti, 2022). Jenis lain yaitu Kokokan laut pernah tercatat juga di Pulau Tidung kecil (Sukandar et al, 2016).…”

The prospects for the use of drone technology in the avian ecology research in Indonesia

“…Every year the milky stork nest in a small colony (10-20 pairs) on a mangrove forest in Pulau Rambut. This species is a visitor to the island, which arrive to the island only to breed [5]. In the non-breeding season, they wander elsewhere outside the island.…”