Common experimental models for investigation of cranial and peripheral nerve function after trauma include sciatic nerve crush injuries and direct cutting of cochlear or facial nerves. Partial nerve transection, spinal nerve ligation, and chronic constriction injury are applied in neuropathic pain studies. Although these models are well established due to their potential to create reliable and reproducible results, an experimental setup for studying incomplete nerve lesions which resemble the intraoperative surgical condition was missing for years.In neurosurgery, manipulation of peripheral or cranial nerves-such as in surgical procedures in the cerebellar-pontine angle or at the skull base-may lead to severe functional loss despite morphologically intact nerves. In the past years, different therapeutic agents for regeneration of the functional recovery have been investigated intensely. The authors' group has developed animal models to investigate the therapeutic potential of various substances in incomplete nerve injuries. In these models, the severity of the nerve lesion with distinct functional loss and recovery depends on the preset jet pressures.