Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking and Gastric Cancer Risk among Vietnamese Men

Lai, Hang Thi Minh; Koriyama, Chihaya; Tokudome, Shinkan; Tran, Hoc Hieu; Tran, Long T.; Nandakumar, A. N.; Akiba, Suminori; Le, Ngoan Tran

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0165587

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Contrary to common misconception, serious health effects are related to WP use. Epidemiological studies have shown that WP smoking is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular diseases,6 cancer (lung, oesophageal, head and neck, and gastric),7–10 metabolic syndrome11 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 12. An additional health risk that is of particular concern for young adults is nicotine dependence, and similar to any other tobacco product is represented in WP smokers by substance addiction behaviours 13–19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune modulation by chronic exposure to waterpipe smoke and immediate-early gene regulation in murine lungs

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveWe investigated the effects of chronic waterpipe (WP) smoke on pulmonary function and immune response in a murine model using a research-grade WP and the effects of acute exposure on the regulation of immediate-early genes (IEGs).MethodsWP smoke was generated using three WP smoke puffing regimens based on the Beirut regimen. WP smoke samples generated under these puffing regimens were quantified for nicotine concentration. Mice were chronically exposed for 6 months followed by assessment of pulmonary function and airway inflammation. Transcriptomic analysis using RNAseq was conducted after acute exposure to characterise the IEG response. These biomarkers were then compared with those generated after exposure to dry smoke (without water added to the WP bowl).ResultsWe determined that nicotine composition in WP smoke ranged from 0.4 to 2.5 mg per puffing session. The lung immune response was sensitive to the incremental severity of chronic exposure, with modest decreases in airway inflammatory cells and chemokine levels compared with air-exposed controls. Pulmonary function was unmodified by chronic WP exposure. Acute WP exposure was found to activate the immune response and identified known and novel IEG as potential biomarkers of WP exposure.ConclusionChronic exposure to WP smoke leads to immune suppression without significant changes to pulmonary function. Transcriptomic analysis of the lung after acute exposure to WP smoke showed activation of the immune response and revealed IEGs that are common to WP and dry smoke, as well as pools of IEGs unique to each exposure, identifying potential biomarkers specific to WP exposure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune modulation by chronic exposure to waterpipe smoke and immediate-early gene regulation in murine lungs

et al. 2019

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“…Water-pipe tobacco smoking and the use of smokeless tobacco have been associated with gastric cancer risk in Vietnam and India. 19,20 According to the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) panel, alcohol consumption, body fat, and consumption of foods preserved by salting and processed meat are probable risk factors for gastric cancer. 21 Although the vegetable and fruit intake was considered as "probable" protective factors for gastric cancer in the earlier report, the strength of evidence was weakened in the recent report where the evidence on the association of vegetable and fruit intake with gastric cancer was "limited."…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental contributions to gastrointestinal and liver cancer in the Asia–Pacific region

Shin

Cho

et al. 2017

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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In the Asia-Pacific region, gastric, colorectal, and hepatocellular (liver) cancer show substantial regional variation in incidence consistent with the presence of important environmental factors. For gastric cancer, global incidence is concentrated in Asia with substantially higher rates in East Asia than in South-East Asia and Australia. The differences in incidence rates for gastric cancer in the Asia-Pacific region may be due, in part, to differences in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and the prevalence of H. pylori virulence factors. Smoking is also correlated with gastric cancer risk and is responsible for the highest population attributable fraction among men in East Asia. Colorectal cancer has increased rapidly in incidence to become the third most common digestive cancer in Asia. According to cohort studies in Asia, smoking, alcohol use, obesity, and physical inactivity increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Unlike West Asia, East Asia and Australia have high incidence rates for colorectal cancer that correlates to a high Human Development Index and a high prevalence of alcohol consumption and obesity. Liver cancer is the second most common digestive cancer in Asia. The high incidence of liver cancer in East Asia and South-East Asia is concordant with the high prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection. Other important risk factors include alcohol use, smoking, and diabetes. The identification of the earlier and other environmental factors (currently under investigation) is central to the development and implementation of effective cancer control programs for the region.

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“…Other tobacco‐related products were also found to be associated with GC: Two Asian studies reported an association with tobacco chewing and waterpipe tobacco smoking 23 . Interestingly, vegetable and fruit consumption appears to have a more protective effect among smokers than nonsmokers 24 …”

Section: Primary Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastric cancer prevention strategies: A global perspective

Eusebi

Telese

Marasco

et al. 2020

J of Gastro and Hepatol

192

119

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Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide, and mortality rates are still high. Primary preventive strategies, aimed to reduce risk factors and promote protective ones, will lead to a decrease in GC incidence. Helicobacter pylori infection is a well-established carcinogen for GC, and its eradication is recommended as the best strategy for the primary prevention. However, the role of other factors such as lifestyle, diet, and drug use is still under debate in GC carcinogenesis. Unfortunately, most patients with GC are diagnosed at late stages when treatment is often ineffective. Neoplastic transformation of the gastric mucosa is a multistep process, and appropriate diagnosis and management of preneoplastic conditions can reduce GC-related mortality. Several screening strategies in relation to GC incidence have been proposed in order to detect neoplastic lesions at early stages. The efficacy of screening strategies in reducing GC mortality needs to be confirmed. This review provides an overview of current international guidelines and recent literature on primary and secondary prevention strategies for GC. Epidemiology of gastric cancer The incidence of gastric cancer (GC) has been steadily declining worldwide in the last decades; nevertheless, GC still represents the fifth most common cancer with more than 1 000 000 cases in 2018, almost two-thirds occurring in developing countries. 1, 2 The regions with the highest incidence of GC are Eastern Asia, Central and Eastern Europe, and several Central and South American countries, whereas North America, Australia, and North Africa are considered to be low-incidence areas. However, the distribution of GC does not follow a strict geographical pattern, because low-rate countries have been reported within the highest risk areas, such as India in Asia, while within low-incidence populations, there are subgroups of subjects at higher risk, such as Koreans living in the USA.

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Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking and Gastric Cancer Risk among Vietnamese Men

Cited by 21 publications

References 32 publications

Immune modulation by chronic exposure to waterpipe smoke and immediate-early gene regulation in murine lungs

Immune modulation by chronic exposure to waterpipe smoke and immediate-early gene regulation in murine lungs

Environmental contributions to gastrointestinal and liver cancer in the Asia–Pacific region

Gastric cancer prevention strategies: A global perspective

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