Wave damping over artificial Posidonia oceanica meadow: A large-scale experimental study

Koftis, Theoharris; Prinos, P.; Stratigaki, Vicky

doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2012.10.007

Cited by 117 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Manca et al (2012) showed that wave-induced flow attenuation within model P. oceanica meadows increased with increasing meadow density and was always larger within the meadow (59%) than near the edge of the meadow (12%). Similar flow attenuation was observed by Koftis et al (2013) over artificial P. oceanica meadows of densities of 180 and 360 shoots m −2 . Granata et al (2001) showed that hydrodynamics may be reduced both under and above the canopies by 10 to 75%.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…They also found a 46% reduction in turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in a dense canopy of 10% SPF compared to non-vegetated experiments, and a 34% reduction in TKE in an intermediate density (5% SPF). Koftis et al (2013) also found that wave orbital velocities were significantly attenuated inside a model canopy. Fonseca & Callahan (1992) determined from flume experiments that seagrass canopies that occupy the entire water depth could reduce wave heights between 20 and 76%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

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Impact of anthropogenically created canopy gaps on wave attenuation in a Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow

Colomer¹,

Soler²,

Serra³

et al. 2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Fixed weights moorings, once removed, can create longitudinal gaps in seagrass meadows of different sizes, running perpendicular to the coast. We quantified the interactions between these longitudinal gaps and the hydrodynamic environment of the nearshore environment to determine their potential impact on seagrass meadow ecology. Within the meadow at leaf length distances from the edge, wave attenuation by the lateral vegetation next to the gap was approximately the same as attenuation by fully vegetated areas, and the wave attenuating capacity of the lateral, near-gap vegetation was independent of gap width. Gaps with widths less than twice the leaf length exhibited 8% wave attenuation and 11% turbulent kinetic energy attenuation, confirming that vegetation shelters at least small gaps. Despite similar capacity for wave attenuation, the longitudinal gaps influenced the architectural characteristics of the adjacent (lateral) meadow; lateral shoot density, percent cover and leaf length adjacent to the largest gap were 12, 16, and 20% lower than the fully vegetated site, respectively. Significant differences in the temporal variation of the mean lateral, near-gap seagrass percent cover and the leaf length indicated a strong dependence of the state of the canopy on temporal hydrodynamic conditions, which in turn were impacted by the presence of the gap. Our results quantify the interactions between gaps and lateral meadow vegetation, highlight the structural impact of traditional moorings and support improved management and conservation of seagrass meadows.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Impact of anthropogenically created canopy gaps on wave attenuation in a Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow

Colomer¹,

Soler²,

Serra³

et al. 2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…During the past decades, most researchers focused on the wave attenuation by the submerged and emerged vegetation canopy rooted at the bottom, using field observation (e.g., Knutson et al, 1982;Mӧller et al, 1999;Bradley and Hauser, 2009;and Horstman et al, 2014), lab experiments (e.g., Fonseca and Cahalan, 1992;Augustin et al, 2009;Stratigaki et al, 2011;Koftis et al, 2013;Anderson and Smith, 2014;Hu et al, 2014;Ozeren et al, 2014;Wu and Cox, 2015;Wang et al, 2016), numerical methods (e.g., Li and Xie, 2011;Ma et al, 2013;Maza et al, 2013;Marsooli and Wu, 2014;Zhu and Chen, 2015;Chakrabarti et al, 2016), and analytical study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Layer Analytical Solution for Wave Attenuation by Suspended and Nonsuspended Vegetation Canopy

Zhu

Zou²

2017

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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A generalized three-layer analytical solution for the wave attenuation by suspended and non-suspended vegetation canopy is developed in this study. The analytical solution reduces to the two-layer analytical solution by Kobayashi et al. (1993) for the non-suspended vegetation canopy rooted at the sea bed. The present theory is verified using laboratory experiments and field observations of a suspended and non-suspended as well as emerged and submerged vegetation canopy. The wave attenuation increase with the drag coefficient, blade diameter and length, canopy density and length, the elevation of the bottom of the canopy and the incident wave height. The influences of wave frequency and water depth on wave attenuation are more complex. They affect the wave attenuation mainly by changing the wave flow velocity encountered by the vegetation canopy. As a result, the canopy vertical position has significant impact on the relationship between the wave attenuation and wave frequency.

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“…Field trials in the United Kingdom have been unsuccessful and the experiments were abandoned in all cases, due to the material being ripped away from the anchorage points.As it behaves as a drag barrier against often strong currents, much of the success of artificial grass systems are dependent on secure anchoring to the sea bed. Concrete block bases are frequently used as the anchoring mechanism (Ismail 2005).There are many experimental studies conducted to address the effect of sea grass on the wave dumping and velocities (Koftis et al 2013).…”

Section: And Artificial Sea Grassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coastal protection measures, case study (Mediterranean zone, Egypt)

2015

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The rapid erosion in most coastlines is considered a major problem not only in Egypt, but also around the world. The main causes are due to anthropogenic activities and/or coastal hydrodynamics. The coastal zone suffers from sedimentation, accretion, and pollution problems as well as the side effect of climate change. The climate change will increase sea level rise, salt water intrusions, and storm surge. Major efforts has been exerted to manage coastal erosion problems and to restore coastal capacity in order to protect housing, infrastructure and the cultivated land. These problems were encountered with various types of hard structures, but most of these methods response were limited due to lack in evaluation of the entire ecological situation. This encouraged the coastal engineers to think about new types of environmental friendly structures work better with ecological situation. In this study, the protection measures worldwide is reviewed and divided mainly into four groups, hard, soft, combined, innovative measures. The usage and side effect of each type is mentioned briefly. It is clear that there is a predominant approach towards the soft engineering, the eco-engineering techniques, or combination between them in order to enhance the ecological situation. Recently, there are several efforts to apply these new technologies to protect the coastal zone as well as the environment by taking into consideration the effect of climate change. These new approaches in coastal protection are multi used, environmentally friendly, easy to modify and maintain, and efficient from an economic perspective. Previous efforts in solving coastal problems in Egypt are analyzed and discussed taking into consideration the experience of similar cases worldwide. It is clear that the environmental friendly coastal structure is more suitable to solve most of our coastal problems with saving our ecosystem and reduce the protection cost.

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Wave damping over artificial Posidonia oceanica meadow: A large-scale experimental study

Cited by 117 publications

References 22 publications

Impact of anthropogenically created canopy gaps on wave attenuation in a Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow

Impact of anthropogenically created canopy gaps on wave attenuation in a Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow

Three-Layer Analytical Solution for Wave Attenuation by Suspended and Nonsuspended Vegetation Canopy

Coastal protection measures, case study (Mediterranean zone, Egypt)

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