CitationSchuster GT, Dutta G, Li J (2017) Resolution limits of migration and linearized waveform inversion images in a lossy medium.
S U M M A R YThe vertical-and horizontal-resolution limits x lossy and z lossy of post-stack migration and linearized waveform inversion images are derived for lossy data in the far-field approximation. Unlike the horizontal resolution limit x ∝ λz/L in a lossless medium which linearly worsens in depth z, x lossy ∝ z 2 /QL worsens quadratically with depth for a medium with small Q values. Here, Q is the quality factor, λ is the effective wavelength, L is the recording aperture, and loss in the resolution formulae is accounted for by replacing λ with z/Q. In contrast, the lossy vertical-resolution limit z lossy only worsens linearly in depth compared to z ∝ λ for a lossless medium. For both the causal and acausal Q models, the resolution limits are linearly proportional to 1/Q for small Q. These theoretical predictions are validated with migration images computed from lossy data.