Wave mixing and amplified spontaneous emission in pure potassium and mixed sodium-potassium vapors

Clark, B. K.; Masters, Mark; Huennekens, J.

doi:10.1007/bf00684083

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our current interest in the predissociation of NaK molecules stems from earlier work involving the generation of coherent infrared emissions. Previous work in our lab, 13 involving high intensity pulsed dye lasers, showed that when a mixed sodium-potassium vapor is excited with two red laser photons in the range 720-750 nm, a coherent emission at 1.17 m appears which corresponds to the K(3 2 D 3/2 )→K(4 2 P 1/2 ) atomic transition. Further studies ͑see Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Further studies ͑see Ref. 13 for details͒ led us to believe that this coherent 1.17 m emission results from a predissociation process involving the NaK molecule. The present article discusses our investigation of that predissociation process using highresolution single-mode cw ring lasers, which provides detailed information on the predissociation process and the molecular potentials involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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A study of the predissociation of NaK molecules in the 6 1Σ+ state by optical–optical double resonance spectroscopy

Jabbour

Huennekens

1997

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Predissociation of a high-lying 1 ⌺ ϩ state of NaK is studied using the optical-optical double resonance technique. A single-mode ring dye laser is set to a particular 2(A) 1 ⌺ ϩ (vЈ,JЈ) ←1(X) 1 ⌺ ϩ (vЉ,JЉ) transition. Another single-mode laser ͑Ti-sapphire͒ is then used to excite the molecule from the 2(A) 1 ⌺ ϩ (vЈ,JЈ) level, to rovibrational levels of a higher predissociating electronic state, which we identify as 6 1 ⌺ ϩ . The predissociation is monitored by the atomic potassium emission on the 3 2 D 3/2 →4 2 P 1/2 transition at 1.17 m, while bound state radiative processes are monitored by total violet fluorescence from the upper state to the various rovibrational levels of the ground 1(X) 1 ⌺ ϩ state. By scanning the Ti-sapphire laser, different rovibrational levels of the 6 1 ⌺ ϩ state can be excited. The vibrational levels probed range from vϭ13 to 20 with rotational states ranging from 9 to 99. The bound state energy level positions are measured from the center frequencies of lines recorded with the Ti-sapphire laser excitation scans. The 6 1 ⌺ ϩ state is then described by the following molecular constants which are calculated from the experimental values of the level energies: T e ϭ25 560.373 cm Ϫ1 , e ϭ89.179 26 cm Ϫ1 , e x e ϭ0.730 691 cm Ϫ1 , B e ϭ0.067 327 0 cm Ϫ1 , ␣ e ϭ0.000 675 35 cm Ϫ1 , D e ϭϪ3.298 31ϫ10 Ϫ8 cm Ϫ1 , ␤ el ϭ1.518 17ϫ10 Ϫ8 cm Ϫ1 . The potential well depth is D e ϭ4416.0 cm Ϫ1 , if we assume the most likely asymptotic limit of Na(3 2 S 1/2 )ϩK(5 2 P 1/2 ). The equilibrium separation is R e ϭ4.158 Å. We also report measured and calculated intensities ͑Franck-Condon factors͒ for the 6 1 ⌺ ϩ →1(X) 1 ⌺ ϩ violet band. The absolute predissociation rates of 6 1 ⌺ ϩ levels are directly measured from the linewidths recorded on the Ti-sapphire laser excitation scans. We measure predissociation rates ranging up to 9.4ϫ10 9 s Ϫ1 . The dependence of the absolute predissociation rates on rovibrational quantum numbers is studied with an attempt to predict the shape of the repulsive potential curve causing the predissociation, its crossing point with the bound state, and the type of perturbative interaction leading to the predissociation. The state causing the predissociation is determined from correlation diagrams to be the continuum of either the 3 3 ⌸, the 3 1 ⌸, or the 5 3 ⌺ ϩ state with Na(3S)ϩK(3D) dissociation limit. We measure the collisional broadening rate coefficients of some 6 1 ⌺ ϩ ←2(A) 1 ⌺ ϩ lines due to both argon and potassium perturbers, and obtain the average values, k br Ar ϭ͑1.1Ϯ0.2͒ϫ10 Ϫ8 cm 3 s Ϫ1 and k br K ϭ͑1.1Ϯ0.6͒ϫ10 Ϫ8 cm 3 s Ϫ1 . Velocity-changing collisions and collisional excitation transfer between individual rotational levels of the 2(A) 1 ⌺ ϩ state are also investigated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

A study of the predissociation of NaK molecules in the 6 1Σ+ state by optical–optical double resonance spectroscopy

Jabbour

Huennekens

1997

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…Thus, the measured population of the intermediate state includes a contribution by the ground state. However, if considering only the portion of population evolution after the pump laser is off, the contribution of IR stimulated emission, which accompanies the wave-mixing process, [15][16][17] is ignored, and the 3 1 P 1 population would be underestimated.…”

Section: B Possibility Of a Mgh Contribution From The Mg"3 1 P 1 … Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 As reported elsewhere, the IR stimulated emission tends to be enhanced in a wave-mixing process usually at an atomic vapor pressure of several Torr. 16,17 The Mg vapor pressure used in this work is much less than 1 Torr. That experimental condition might explain the observation that the peak intensity of the IR stimulated emission is just comparable to that of the spontaneous emission ͓Figs.…”

Section: B Possibility Of a Mgh Contribution From The Mg"3 1 P 1 … Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction dynamics of Mg(4 1S, 3 1D2) with H2: Harpoon-type mechanism for highly excited states

Liu

Lin

Chen

2000

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Using a pump–probe technique, the reactions of Mg(4 1S0 and 3 1D2) with H2 have been measured to yield similar rotational distributions of MgH(v=0 and 1) as that obtained for the reaction of the Mg(3 1P1) state with H2. A series of measurements is conducted to clarify that the reactions are initiated directly by these higher states, rather than occurring from the lower 3 1P1 state following radiative and collisional relaxation. The reactivity of the Mg 4 1S0 state with H2 is found to be comparable to that of the 3 1P1 state, but about three times larger than that of the 3 1D2 state. The Mg(4 1S0, 3 1D2)–H2 reactions proceed via a harpoon-type process, and are closely associated with the Mg(3 1P1)–H2 reaction coordinate through evolution of a series of surface crossings. To support our suggestion that the harpoon mechanism is involved, the cross sections of collisional deactivation by H2 for various excited states are measured. The ratios of cross sections observed for the 3 1P1, 4 1S0, and 5 1S0 state, equal to 1:2.85:4.3, are consistent with the calculated prediction of 1:2.62:4.24. The calculated cross sections are based on a simple hard sphere model with effective radii evaluated differently. Here, the effective radii for the higher states are determined from the crossing of ionic and covalent curves, while the Mg(3 1P1)–H2 radius is estimated from the nonadiabatic crossing between the reactive 1 1B2 state and the ground state. Consistency between observation and prediction confirms that the harpoon mechanism proposed in this work is plausible.

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“…In particular, optical four-wave mixing (FWM) and six-wave mixing (SWM) in gas medium have attracted considerable attention due to the controllable refractive indices of the gas media. To date, intensive researches have been conducted on FWM and SWM in many alkali atomic vapors, such as sodium [1], potassium [2], lithium [3] and mixed sodium-potassium [4]. Moreover, competition between two FWM channels via atomic coherence has been studied in Rb [5], and the interplay between FWM and SWM processes has been observed in Rb via dual electromagnetically induced transparency windows [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Control of two IR signals from coupled parametric six-wave mixing processes in Rb vapor

Shi

Zhu

Xue

et al. 2015

Optik

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Wave mixing and amplified spontaneous emission in pure potassium and mixed sodium-potassium vapors

Cited by 33 publications

References 31 publications

A study of the predissociation of NaK molecules in the 6 1Σ+ state by optical–optical double resonance spectroscopy

A study of the predissociation of NaK molecules in the 6 1Σ+ state by optical–optical double resonance spectroscopy

Reaction dynamics of Mg(4 1S, 3 1D2) with H2: Harpoon-type mechanism for highly excited states

Control of two IR signals from coupled parametric six-wave mixing processes in Rb vapor

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