Waveguide-coupled nanowire as an optical antenna

Arnaud, Laurent; Bruyant, Aurélien; Renault, M.; Hadjar, Yassine; Salas‐Montiel, Rafael; Apuzzo, Aniello; Lerondel, Gilles; Morand, Alain; Bénech, Pierre; Coarer, E. Le; Blaize, Sylvain

doi:10.1364/josaa.30.002347

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The antenna helps to guide light propagating in the dielectric waveguide to outof-space and vice versa, which operates similarly to a grating coupler but with a much smaller footprint. The radiation pattern of a single nanorod antenna on waveguide was systematically theoretically studied in terms of wavelength, polarization, nanowire size, and material [178]. In 2017, Li et al further advanced the technology by demonstrating a meticulously designed plasmonic nanoparticles array, which serves as a phase-gradient nanoplasmonic metasurface, on dielectric waveguide (figure 6(d)) [179].…”

Section: Nanoplasmonic Enhanced Waveguide Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in nanoplasmonics-based integrated optical micro/nano-systems

Dong¹,

Ma²,

Ren³

et al. 2020

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Nanoplasmonics deals with the collective oscillation of electrons at the surface of metallic structures at the nanometer scale. It possesses advantages including nanofocusing of electromagnetic waves beyond the optical diffraction limit to enhance local electric field intensity and femtosecond-level relaxation times. With the advances in the fundamental understanding of nanoplasmonics in the past two decades as well as the development of nanofabrication technology, nanoplasmonics has found significant practical applications in life sciences, optical manipulations, and high-speed telecommunications. Many structures for nanoplasmonic optical antennas are demonstrated with a focus on improving electric field intensity and extending working wavelength range. The integration of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) with nanoplasmonics enables dynamically tunable nanoplasmonic metasurfaces. Meanwhile, the introduction of nanoplasmonic metasurfaces into MEMS systems enhances the performance of MEMS photothermal devices, absorbers, emitters, and equips MEMS photonic device with selectivity. The accurate excitation of, and nanofocusing in nanoplasmonics structures are realized by using photonic waveguide input, while photonic waveguides equipped with nanoplasmonic features present higher modulation speed and perform photodetection/sensing functions in a much smaller footprint. Future developments will mainly involve further enhancements in concentrating the electric field, miniaturization of the well-defined nanoplasmonic structures, and realizing the full integration of nanoplasmonics, MEMS, photonic waveguides, and the advanced electronic system using the standard CMOS fabrication technology toward compact micro/nano-systems. With these developments, handheld portable sensors, compact tunable optical manipulation devices, ultra-high-speed chip-scale modulators with high production volume and low-cost are envisaged for healthcare, Internet-of-Things, and data center applications.

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Section: Nanoplasmonic Enhanced Waveguide Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in nanoplasmonics-based integrated optical micro/nano-systems

Dong¹,

Ma²,

Ren³

et al. 2020

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…In the past decade, directional emission and coupling of nanophotonic devices have gained increasing attention. Using optical nanoantennas to couple light selectively to plasmonic or dielectric waveguides on the nanoscale is one of the main ingredients for on-chip or interchip integrated photonic circuits. − To enhance this coupling, a huge variety of different complex antenna designs have been proposed and experimentally examined. Examples include the well-known concepts of Yagi-Uda − or graded antennas at the nanoscale and other designs to achieve directional emission. − Recently, sensitive optical control over the emission directionality has been reported for a polarization dependent near-field effect. , By employing an elliptically polarized spinning dipole emitter, it was shown, that the evanescent components of the dipole’s near-field result in angular dependent constructive and destructive interference.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization Tailored Light Driven Directional Optical Nanobeacon

et al. 2014

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We experimentally demonstrate all-optical control of the emission directivity of a dipole-like nanoparticle with spinning dipole moment sitting on the interface to an optical denser medium. The particle itself is excited by a tightly focused polarization tailored light beam under normal incidence. The position dependent local polarization of the focal field allows for tuning the dipole moment via careful positioning of the particle relative to the beam axis. As an application of this scheme, we investigate the polarization dependent coupling to a planar two-dimensional dielectric waveguide.

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“…The fundamental building block of such circuits is a single mode waveguide in which the pump and Stokes light is guided in a high-index core material surrounded by lower-index cladding materials. While researchers also started integrating nanoplasmonic antennas on top of such waveguides, − PICs have only been used to probe SERS signals from external, nonintegrated, metallic nanoparticles. − Such an approach is, however, poor in terms of quantitative results owing to the large uncertainty on the Raman enhancement and coupling between the excitation beam and the metallic nanoparticles . In order to obtain quantitative SERS spectra a complete control of the plasmonic enhancement and coupling with the underlying waveguide is necessary.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using a Single Mode Nanophotonic-Plasmonic Platform

et al. 2015

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Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is a well-established technique for en-hancing Raman signals. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Recently photonic integrated circuits have been used, as an alternative to microscopy based excitation and collection, to probe SERS signals from external metallic nanoparticles. [13][14][15] However, in order to develop quantitative on-chip SERS sensors, integration of dedicated nanoplasmonic antennas and waveguides [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] is desirable.Here we bridge this gap by demonstrating for the first time the generation of SERS signals from integrated bowtie nanoantennas, excited and collected by a single mode waveguide, and rigorously quantify the enhancement process. The guided Raman power generated by a 4-Nitrothiophenol coated bowtie antenna shows an 8 × 10 6 enhancement compared to the free-space Raman scattering. An excellent correspondence is obtained between the theoretically predicted and observed absolute Raman power. This work paves the way towards fully integrated lab-on-a-chip systems where the single mode SERS-probe can be combined with other photonic, fluidic or biological functionalities.A schematic of the device under study is shown in Figure 1(a). The fundamental TE-mode of a silicon nitride (SiN) rib waveguide excites a periodic array of gold bowtie antennas coated with a 4-Nitrothiophenol (NTP) monolayer. The pump wavelength for all experiments is set to λ P = 785 nm and NTP Stokes light (at λ S ) is subsequently collected back into the same waveguide mode.Fabrication details can be found in the Methods section and a description of the measurement setup is outlined in the Supplementary Information S1. A scanning electron microscope image of the functionalized waveguide, with cross-sectional area of 220 × 700 nm 2 , is depicted in Figure 1(b). Raman spectra of an uncoated and coated waveguide functionalized with 40 antennas are shown in Figure 1(c). The spectral regions where an NTP Stokes peak is expected (1,080, 1,110, 1,340 and 1,575 cm −1 ) 23 are highlighted by the cyan shaded areas. Before coating no NTP peaks can be distinguished from the inherent SiN background. The peaks at 1,250 and 1,518 cm −1 (marked by the black dashed lines) are attributed to interference effects of the Au array which act on the scattered background light, and they are also observed on the extinction curves of the functionalized waveguides (see Supporting Information S2). Hence they do not represent specific 2 Raman lines. After coating, four additional peaks appear and coincide with the expected NTP Stokes peaks. This demonstrates that SERS signals from single monolayer coated antennas can be efficiently excited and collected by the same fundamental waveguide mode.Subsequently the dependence of the SERS signal on the position of the plasmon resonance was investigated to verify that it can be attributed to a resonance effect and not to coincidental surface roughness. To this end, waveguides functionalized with a fixed number of antennas but varying bowtie g...

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Waveguide-coupled nanowire as an optical antenna

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Recent progress in nanoplasmonics-based integrated optical micro/nano-systems

Recent progress in nanoplasmonics-based integrated optical micro/nano-systems

Polarization Tailored Light Driven Directional Optical Nanobeacon

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Using a Single Mode Nanophotonic-Plasmonic Platform

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