Wavelength-Independent Excitation Bessel Beams for High-Resolution and Deep Focus Imaging

Abstract

Bessel beams are attaining keen interest in the current era considering their unique non-diffractive, self-healing nature and their diverse applications spanning over a broad spectral range of microwave to optical frequencies. However, conventional generators are not only bulky and complex but are also limited in terms of numerical aperture (NA) and efficiency. In this study, we experimentally develop a wavelength-independent Bessel beam generator through custom-designed metasurfaces to accomplish high resolution and large depth-of-focus imaging. These meta-axicons exhibit a high NA of up to 0.7 with an ability to generate Bessel beams with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 300 nm (~λ/2) and a depth of focus (DOF) of 153 μm (~261λ) in a broad spectral range of 500–700 nm. This excitation approach can provide a promising avenue for cutting-edge technology and applications related to Bessel beams for imaging along with a high axial resolution and an ultra-large depth of focus.

Bessel beams generation with biphase transition of vanadium dioxide metasurface

“…The increasing complexity in designing additional functionalities has resulted in a decreased flexibility in wavefront modulation. These challenges have motivated ongoing research aimed at creating metasurfaces that offer highly efficient transmission, tunable functionality, and simplicity in design, spotlighting the pursuit of optimizing optical devices for broader applications [12][13][14][15].…”