Wavelength Markers for Malaria (&lt;em&gt;Plasmodium Falciparum&lt;/em&gt;) Infected and Uninfected Red Blood Cells for Ring and Trophozoite Stages

Opoku-Ansah, Jerry; Eghan, Moses Jojo; Anderson, Benjamin; Boampong, Johnson Nyarko; Jojo, Moses

doi:10.5539/apr.v6n2p47

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…ree-dimensional plots of pixel intensities/a.u (represented as I) and radii/μm (represented as r) against spectral range/nm (represented as λ) of multispectral images in the transmission mode for (a) uninfected RBCs (u-RBCs) and Plasmodium falciparum-infected RBCs (i-RBCs) of parasite density (PD) (b) (+), (c) (++), (d) (+++), and (e) (++++).International Journal of Optics the i-RBCs in all three modes, especially in transmission mode. is shows that the 660 nm band could be identified to depict disparities between the u-RBCs and the i-RBCs in a blood smear slide under MSI microscope, which is in agreement with the work reported elsewhere[41]. Due to the biconcave shape of RBCs, the centers of the u-RBCs…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

“…Figure 2shows pseudocolor images of u-RBCs and i-RBCs from 660 nm (R), 525 nm (G), and 435 nm (B), as was done by Merdasa et al[43]. ese spectral bands have been identified as markers for discriminating i-RBCs and u-RBCs using the MSI technique[41]. e RGB images(Figure 2), if color printed, show features of RBCs as they appear under an optical microscope.Figure 2 also shows the same region of the blood smear slides under the MSLEDI microscope in all the three modes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Malarial studies involving OA include interpreting ultraviolet-visible spectra of malarial parasite P. falciparum [36], optical properties of malaria parasites in infected RBCs (i-RBCs) [24,37], birefringence quantitative monitoring of uninfected RBCs (u-RBCs) and i-RBCs [38], magneto-optic route toward in vivo diagnosis of malaria [39], and miniaturized optical diagnostic method by spectrophotometry for hemozoin quantification [40]. MSI studies comprise wavelength markers for identifying ring and trophozoite stages of P. falciparum parasites [41], application of principal component analysis to multimodal optical image analysis for malaria diagnostics [42], multimode light-emitting diode microscopy for malaria diagnostics [43], and rapid malaria diagnosis by light microscope with interference filter [44]. To the best of our knowledge, OA and MSI techniques have not been combined for PD estimation from P. falciparum-infected blood samples of human.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Identification of Plasmodium falciparum Malarial Byproduct for Parasite Density Estimation

Opoku-Ansah

Eghan

Anderson

et al. 2019

International Journal of Optics

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Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) malarial degree of infection, termed as parasite density (PD), estimation is vital for point-of-care diagnosis and treatment of the disease. In this work, we present application of optical techniques: optical absorption and multispectral imaging for P. falciparum malarial byproduct (hemozoin) detection in human‐infected blood samples to estimate PD. The blood samples were collected from volunteers who were tested positive for P. falciparum infections (i-blood), and after treatment, another set of blood samples (u-blood) were also taken. The i-blood samples were grouped based on PD (+, ++, +++, and ++++). Optical densities (ODs) of u-blood samples and i-blood samples at blood absorption bands of 405 nm, 541 nm, and 577 nm showed different optical absorption characteristics. Empirical computation of ratio of the ODs for the blood absorption bands revealed reduction in the ODs with increasing PD. Multispectral images containing uninfected red blood cells (u-RBCs) and P. falciparum‐infected red blood cells (i-RBCs) on unstained blood smear slides exhibited spectrally determined decrease in both reflected and scattered pixel intensities and increase in transmitted pixel intensities with increasing PD. We further propose a linear classification model based on Fisher’s approach using reflected, scattered, and transmitted pixel intensities for easy and inexpensive estimation of PD as an alternative to manual estimation of PD, currently, the widely used technique. Application of the optical techniques and the proposed linear classification model are therefore recommended for improved malaria diagnosis and therapy.

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confidence: 91%

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confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Identification of Plasmodium falciparum Malarial Byproduct for Parasite Density Estimation

Opoku-Ansah

Eghan

Anderson

et al. 2019

International Journal of Optics

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“…Some of its applications include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biometric pattern recognition, retinal physiology, non-image forming (NIF) responses of light, plant physiology, accurate colour reproduction, colour enhancement, digital staining and soil texture determination. On the microscopic level, MSI reveals symptoms of hidden diseases in specimens such as cells and tissues (Prasad, 2003;Lichtman & Conchello, 2005;Coffey, 2012;Merdasa et al, 2013;Opoku-Ansah et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrofitted Metallurgical Microscope Using Light Emitting Diodes for Multi-Spectral Imaging

Opoku-Ansah¹,

Anderson²,

Eghan³

et al. 2017

MAS

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Multi-spectral imaging (MSI) has made diagnosis of microscopic samples considerably easier and information abound. Most MSI systems use continuum light sources and filters for imaging purposes. However, these light sources and filters are relatively expensive, unstable due to extreme pressure and temperature and associated with prolong acquisition time. In this work, we present a metallurgical microscope retrofitted with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as illumination sources for MSI microscopy. This multispectral LED imaging microscope (MSLEDIM) is relatively cheaper and capable of acquiring images in reflection, transmission and scattering modes at thirteen (13) different wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet to near infrared. The microscope has been demonstrated in biomedical and entomological research fields. The MSLEDIM can be used in various scientific research fields for imaging microscopic samples.

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“…MSI together with techniques such as fluorescence microscopy, point-scanning laser confocal microscopy and photoacoustic microscopy imaging [17] [25]. Examples are the identification of precise spectral band(s) for discrimination of infected red blood cells (iRBCs) from uninfected red blood cells (uRBCs) [26] and development of rapid multispectral endoscopic imaging system to map mucosa blood supply to the lungs [27]. MSI has also been used in a variety of applications including dentistry, dermatology, and histopathology [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multispectral Imaging in Combination with Multivariate Analysis Discriminates Selenite Induced Cataractous Lenses from Healthy Lenses of Sprague-Dawley Rats

Adueming¹,

Eghan²,

Anderson³

et al. 2017

OJBIPHY

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Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Current methods for discriminating cataractous lenses from healthy lenses of Sprague-Dawley rats during preclinical studies are based on either histopathological or clinical assessments which are weakened by subjectivity. In this work, both cataractous and healthy lens tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats were studied using multispectral imaging technique in combination with multivariate analysis. Multispectral images were captured in transmission, reflection and scattering modes. In all, five spectral bands were found to be markers for discriminating cataractous lenses from healthy lenses; 470 nm and 625 nm discriminated in reflection mode whereas 435 nm, 590 nm and 700 nm discriminated in transmission mode. With Fisher's Linear discriminant analysis, the midpoints for classifying cataractous from healthy lenses were found to be 14.718 × 10 −14 and 3.2374 × 10 −14 for the two spectra bands in the reflection mode and the three spectral bands in the transmission mode respectively. Images in scattering mode did not show significant discrimination. These spectral bands in reflection and transmission modes may offer potential diagnostic markers for discriminating cataractous lenses from healthy lenses thereby promising multispectral imaging applications for characterizing cataractous and healthy lenses.

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Wavelength Markers for Malaria (<em>Plasmodium Falciparum</em>) Infected and Uninfected Red Blood Cells for Ring and Trophozoite Stages

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Optical Identification of Plasmodium falciparum Malarial Byproduct for Parasite Density Estimation

Optical Identification of Plasmodium falciparum Malarial Byproduct for Parasite Density Estimation

A Retrofitted Metallurgical Microscope Using Light Emitting Diodes for Multi-Spectral Imaging

Multispectral Imaging in Combination with Multivariate Analysis Discriminates Selenite Induced Cataractous Lenses from Healthy Lenses of Sprague-Dawley Rats

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