Wavelength Selective Nanophotonic Components Utilizing Channel Plasmon Polaritons

Volkov, Valentyn S.; Bozhevolnyi, Sergey I.; Devaux, Éloïse; Laluet, Jean-Yves; Ebbesen, Thomas W.

doi:10.1021/nl070209b

Cited by 164 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This is at stark difference with conventional lossy nanoplasmonic components based on nanowires (13,41) and channel plasmon polaritons (42) or SP loss compensation in planar device configurations (43,44). The proposed optoplasmonic components also provide opportunities for realizing active nanoplasmonic circuit elements for field modulation and frequency switching, because the photon recycling in microcavities greatly enhances the sensitivity of light to small changes in refractive in- dex (45).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Spectrally and spatially configurable superlenses for optoplasmonic nanocircuits

Boriskina

Reinhard

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Energy transfer between photons and molecules and between neighboring molecules is ubiquitous in living nature, most prominently in photosynthesis. While energy transfer is efficiently utilized by living systems, its adoption to connect individual components in man-made plasmonic nanocircuits has been challenged by low transfer efficiencies that motivate the development of entirely new concepts for energy transfer. We introduce herein optoplasmonic superlenses that combine the capability of optical microcavities to insulate molecule-photon systems from decohering environmental effects with the superior light nanoconcentration properties of nanoantennas. The proposed structures provide significant enhancement of the emitter radiative rate and efficient long-range transfer of emitted photons followed by subsequent refocusing into nanoscale volumes accessible to near-and far-field detection. Optoplasmonic superlenses are versatile building blocks for optoplasmonic nanocircuits and can be used to construct "dark" single-molecule sensors, resonant amplifiers, nanoconcentrators, frequency multiplexers, demultiplexers, energy converters, and dynamical switches.nanophotonics | optical information processing | optical sensing | plasmonics N onradiative energy transfer between nanoobjects is limited to distances of only a few nanometers, making photons the most attractive long-distance signal carriers. However, once the photon is emitted by a donor quantum emitter, the probability of acceptor absorbing its energy becomes negligibly small. Therefore, realizing efficient and controllable on-chip interactions between single photons and single quantum emitters, which are crucial for single-molecule optical sensing and quantum information technology, remains challenging. This problem is mitigated by optical microcavities (OMs), which can significantly boost the probability of a photon reabsorption through acceptor molecules (1) via efficient trapping and recirculating of photons (2). OMs also strongly modify radiative rate of emitters at select frequencies corresponding to cavity modes, which can provide local density of optical states (LDOS) exceeding that of the free space by orders of magnitude (2-5). In turn, noble-metal nanostructures can enhance emission of free-space photons by excited molecules (effectively acting as nano-analogs of radio antennas) (6-12) or facilitate relaxation by coupling to surface plasmons (SPs) (13-15). Consequently, both plasmonic nanostructures and OMs can modify the LDOS (16, 17), but the OM approach suffers from limited accessibility of the intracavity volume by target molecules [which should either be incorporated into the cavity material (3, 4) or interact with photonic modes via their weak evanescent tails (5,(18)(19)(20)], while high dissipative losses in metals create fundamental limitations for long-distance energy and information transfer through surface plasmons (21). Results and DiscussionIn this paper, we develop a previously undescribed approach for photon generation and energy tra...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Spectrally and spatially configurable superlenses for optoplasmonic nanocircuits

Boriskina

Reinhard

2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…By combining planar lithography with subsequent transfer into materials with higher refractive index, high-quality optical devices can be realized. These include nanophotonic waveguides with propagation loss down to 0.1 dB cm 21 , 1 optical resonators with quality factors approaching a billion 2,3 as well as a rich library of devices for signal processing including interferometers, 4-7 filters 8,9 and tunable systems. [10][11][12][13] Fabricated circuits find applications in traditional linear optics, 14,15 non-linear optics [16][17][18] and recently also for the realization of integrated non-classical and quantum-optical circuits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid 2D–3D optical devices for integrated optics by direct laser writing

Schumann

Bückmann

Gruhler³

et al. 2014

Light Sci Appl

153

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Integrated optical chips have already been established for application in optical communication. They also offer interesting future perspectives for integrated quantum optics on a chip. At present, however, they are mostly fabricated using essentially planar fabrication approaches like electron-beam lithography or UV optical lithography. Many further design options would arise if one had complete fabrication freedom in regard to the third dimension normal to the chip without having to give up the virtues and the know-how of existing planar fabrication technologies. As a step in this direction, we here use three-dimensional dip-in direct-laser-writing optical lithography to fabricate three-dimensional polymeric functional devices on pre-fabricated planar optical chips containing Si 3 N 4 waveguides as well as grating couplers made by standard electron-beam lithography. The first example is a polymeric dielectric rectangular-shaped waveguide which is connected to Si 3 N 4 waveguides and that is adiabatically twisted along its axis to achieve geometrical rotation of linear polarization on the chip. The rotator's broadband performance at around 1550 nm wavelength is verified by polarization-dependent grating couplers. Such polarization rotation on the optical chip cannot easily be achieved by other means. The second example is a whispering-gallery-mode optical resonator connected to Si 3 N 4 waveguides on the chip via polymeric waveguides. By mechanically connecting the latter to the disk, we can control the coupling to the resonator and, at the same time, guarantee mechanical stability of the three-dimensional architecture on the chip.

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“…Examples of photonic devices created for plasmons are shown in Figure 4 and include "Y" junctions for combining or separating plasmons [68][69][70][71][72], "X" junctions [70], proximity couplers [73], directional couplers [74] [73, [75][76][77][78], Bragg grating filters [69,79], add-drop filters [80], and ring resonators [69,79,81] that transmit or reflect plasmon waves depending on frequency and switching using phase shifts [82]. A novel plasmon filter was created using two wires of different materials joined together that provided a large electric permittivity mismatch resulting in unidirectional propagation [83].…”

Section: Linear Devices For Optical Computingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic circuits for manipulating optical information

2016

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Surface plasmons excited by light in metal structures provide a means for manipulating optical energy at the nanoscale. Plasmons are associated with the collective oscillations of conduction electrons in metals and play a role intermediate between photonics and electronics. As such, plasmonic devices have been created that mimic photonic waveguides as well as electrical circuits operating at optical frequencies. We review the plasmon technologies and circuits proposed, modeled, and demonstrated over the past decade that have potential applications in optical computing and optical information processing.

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Wavelength Selective Nanophotonic Components Utilizing Channel Plasmon Polaritons

Cited by 164 publications

References 10 publications

Spectrally and spatially configurable superlenses for optoplasmonic nanocircuits

Spectrally and spatially configurable superlenses for optoplasmonic nanocircuits

Hybrid 2D–3D optical devices for integrated optics by direct laser writing

Plasmonic circuits for manipulating optical information

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