Wavelength standards for optical communications

Gilbert, Sarah L.; Swann, William C.; Dennis, Tasshi

doi:10.1117/12.424468

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The transient junction temperature of the laser diode is measured indirectly by the temperature of thermistor. Our result is verified by monitoring the emission wavelength against the gas absorption lines with an accuracy of 0.1 pm, [16] corresponding to a temperature accuracy of above 0.01 K for DFB lasers.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The authors of Refs. [16]- [19] have investigated the transient performances of thermoelectric coolers, from which we can conclude that the step response of the temperature of the cold side of the TEC in heating mode is approximately linear with time at a constant temperature of heat sink combined with the hot side of the TEC and within a short time t (t t r ). Here, t r (the response time of the TEC) is the duration time that the temperature difference ∆T between the cold side and the hot side of the TEC increases from zero to a stable value ∆T max under a constant TEC drive current.…”

Section: Thermal Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, we can derive it from Eq. (16). By setting various TEC currents, we can also derive τ c according to Eq.…”

Section: Thermal Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dynamic thermal modeling and parameter identification for a monolithic laser diode module

Li¹,

Du²,

Ma³

2013

Chinese Phys. B

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We improved the thermal equivalent-circuit model of the laser diode module (LDM) to evaluate its thermal dynamic properties and calculate the junction temperature of the laser diode with a high accuracy. The thermal parameters and the transient junction temperature of the LDM are modeled and obtained according to the temperature of the thermistor integrated in the module. Our improved thermal model is verified indirectly by monitoring the emission wavelength of the laser diode against gas absorption lines, and several thermal parameters are obtained with the temperature uncertainty of 0.01 K in the thermal dynamic process.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Thermal Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic thermal modeling and parameter identification for a monolithic laser diode module

Li¹,

Du²,

Ma³

2013

Chinese Phys. B

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“…In tunable diode laser spectroscopy, it is common to provide an absolute measure of emission wavelength using a gas reference cell containing the target gas [2] , or by reference to a neighbouring line of a different gas, whose presence can be guaranteed [3] . Gas reference cells are also often adopted in absolute wavelength / frequency standards in telecoms applications [4] . Other approaches include athermalised etalons [5] or electronically stabilised optical resonators [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength stabilisation of a DFB laser diode using measurement of junction voltage

et al. 2014

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Laser diode wavelength stability is vital for applications such as spectroscopy and data communication, and the emitted wavelength is a function of temperature. In a conventional system, the laser diode temperature is controlled using a Peltier element with a temperature-sensing thermistor, the latter placed at a short distance from the laser diode chip. Despite the use of good thermal design and a case, a change in ambient temperature may cause a change to internal thermal gradients, resulting in a systematic error in the laser diode wavelength. In this paper we describe a novel system to measure the temperature of the laser diode junction via measurement of the junction voltage. The method has been applied to a 1651 nm DFB laser diode for use in tunable diode laser spectroscopy (TDLS) of methane. The wavelength stability of both thermistor-and voltage-control systems are compared over a period of 30 minutes and with different ambient temperatures. Over 30 min at constant ambient temperature, thermistor control provided a precision of ± 0.4 pm (40 MHz) and junction voltage control gave a similar ± 0.6 pm (70 MHz). For an ambient temperature change of 20°C, conventional thermistor control suffered a wavelength change of 76 pm (8.4 GHz), whereas junction voltage control reduced this to 0.6 pm (70 MHz), at or below the level of long-term wavelength precision.

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“…These techniques inevitably increase the package component count (collimating optics, etalon, beam splitter, PIN diodes) and require active optical alignment during assembly to ensure the laser output is aligned to the ITU grid. Gas reference cells are also often used as wavelength transfer standards in telecoms applications [8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength-locking of a semiconductor laser using an electronic technique

Mullaney

Hodgkinson

Staines

et al. 2019

Photonic Instrumentation Engineering VI

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This work describes a novel system to control the stability of a 1583 nm telecommunications laser diode via measurement of junction voltage. This electronic technique dispenses with the optical components used in conventional wavelength locking schemes and shifts wavelength control to system level electronic instrumentation. The approach employs real-time measurement of diode series resistance (Rs), which is used to compensate the measured forward voltage (Vf) and recover the junction voltage (Vj) of the laser. Control of Vj provides wavelength control without introducing a significant error when the package temperature varies. This was implemented by measuring Rs as the dynamic resistance, δV/δI, by modulating the injection current. Recent work has reduced the modulation amplitude and noise in the electronics. Using a frequency deviation of 1 GHz, we achieved a centre wavelength variation of ± 2 pm over a package temperature variation of 20-55 °C. This gives a wavelength/ temperature coefficient of 0.03 pm/ °C, which is an improvement on 0.34 pm/ °C, as typically achieved for optical locking systems. The system has been further developed using board-level components within a compact demonstrator unit. Work is ongoing to further enhance this performance over a package temperature variation of 0-70 °C.

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Wavelength standards for optical communications

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Dynamic thermal modeling and parameter identification for a monolithic laser diode module

Dynamic thermal modeling and parameter identification for a monolithic laser diode module

Wavelength stabilisation of a DFB laser diode using measurement of junction voltage

Wavelength-locking of a semiconductor laser using an electronic technique

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