“…This is because the phytoplankton growth is affected by the low nutrient concentration, because of the strong pycnocline formation, in addition to the effects of thermal stratification in the water column; all of this limits the vertical mixing so that the nutrients can rise to the surface (Doney, 2006). This study result is consistent with other studies regarding the seasonal changes (Al-Naimi et al, 2017;Zhang, Jiang, Chen, Zhang, & Wang, 2012;Zhao & Ghedira, 2014) The validation results of the product showed better accuracy to monitor low-concentration waters, while the accuracy in high-concentration waters decreases. Reviewing the extracted chlorophyll-a concentration using different equations and the OceanColor satellite sensors for several seas and different bays around the world, with different numbers of GTPs (30-114), we find that the accuracy varied in some literature from 0.18 to 0.64 mg.m -3 (Al-Yamani & Naqvi, 2019;Husar, Prospero, & Stowe, 1997;Johns, Yao, & Olson, 2003;Polikarpov, Saburova, & Al-Yamani, 2016).…”