“…Among models based on mathematical formulas expressed explicitly, we can identify, among others, nonparametric estimators and neural predictors (see: Biernacki, 2009). Other interesting models are those based on neural networks and wavelet analysis (see: Daubechies 1989, Hadaś-Dyduch, 2014, 2015a, 2015b, 2015c, 2016a, 2016b, 2016cMeyer, Sellan & Taqqu, 1999, Vidakovic, Mueller, 1994. Also interesting are algorithms that use ARIMA, ARMA.…”