Wax constituents on the inflorescence stems of double eceriferum mutants in Arabidopsis reveal complex gene interactions

Goodwin, S. Mark; Rashotte, Aaron M.; Rahman, Md. Habibur; Feldmann, Kenneth A.; Jenks, Matthew A.

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.02.001

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Our findings may indicate that the accumulation of the epicuticular lipids is induced when the flower opens, and hence these tissues are exposed to a drier environment, consistent with the functionality of this material as water-barrier 32 . The tip of sepal is partially exposed to air, to more desiccating conditions, and therefore these lipids function to inhibit water-loss, which explains the higher abundance of epicuticular lipids at the tip of sepal.…”

Section: Ms Imaging Ofsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…There are many approaches for sample preparation to improve the sample homogeneity such as fast evaporation method 30 , crystal crushing method 31,32 , seed-layer method 33 , application of co-matrixes (i.e., fucose, fructose, 5-methoxysalicylic acid) [34][35][36][37] , microcrystalline depositions through sophisticated spotting devices such as electrospray [38][39][40][41] or piezoelectric micro-dispensers [42][43][44] , and sublimation [45][46][47] . Additionally, solvent composition, pH or temperature of the solution, and molar matrix-to-analyte (M/A) ratio also influence the cocrystallization of analyte and matrix 16 .…”

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, many research groups have investigated the role of various CER genes in cuticular wax formation on the different organs of Arabidopsis thaliana [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] . The functional characterization of specifically mutated genes helps to understand details of cuticular wax biosynthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of high-spatial and high-mass resolution mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) and its application to the study of small metabolites and endogenous molecules of plants

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2012

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Section: Ms Imaging Ofsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: General Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of high-spatial and high-mass resolution mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) and its application to the study of small metabolites and endogenous molecules of plants

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2012

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“…the stem wax composition of cer7 mutants is very similar to that of cer3 mutants (Goodwin et al, 2005), with substantial decreases in the compounds generated by the decarbonylation pathway and minimal effects on the primary alcohols, products of the acyl-reduction pathway. Second, the wax profile of the cer3 cer7 double mutant is almost indistinguishable from that of either single mutant (data not shown), implicating the two genes in the same pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Cuticular wax analysis of cer7 plants indicated that the stem and silique wax loads were reduced to ;30% (Goodwin et al, 2005; Figure 1) and 50% of wild-type levels, respectively, whereas the leaf wax load was similar to that of the wild type (Figure 1). A positional cloning approach was used to identify the CER7 gene, which had been previously mapped to 87.1 centimorgans on chromosome 3 (Koornneef et al, 1989) (Figure 2A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Core Subunit of the RNA-Processing/Degrading Exosome Specifically Influences Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis inArabidopsis

et al. 2007

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The cuticle is an extracellular matrix composed of cutin polyester and waxes that covers aerial organs of land plants and protects them from environmental stresses. The Arabidopsis thaliana cer7 mutant exhibits reduced cuticular wax accumulation and contains considerably lower transcript levels of ECERIFERUM3/WAX2/YORE-YORE (CER3/WAX2/YRE), a key wax biosynthetic gene. We show here that CER7 protein is a putative 39-59 exoribonuclease homologous to yeast Ribonuclease PH45 (RRP45p), a core subunit of the RNA processing and degrading exosome that controls the expression of CER3/ WAX2/YRE. We propose that CER7 acts by degrading a specific mRNA species encoding a negative regulator of CER3/ WAX2/YRE transcription. A second RRP45p homolog found in Arabidopsis, designated At RRP45a, is partially functionally redundant with CER7, and complete loss of RRP45 function in Arabidopsis is lethal. To our knowledge, CER7 is currently the only example of a core exosomal subunit specifically influencing a cellular process. INTRODUCTIONThe epidermal cells of primary organs of all land plants are covered with a cuticle, a continuous lipid layer that limits nonstomatal water loss, prevents organ fusion during development (Lolle et al., 1998;Sieber et al., 2000), and protects plants against numerous biotic and abiotic environmental factors, including bacterial and fungal pathogens, temperature extremes, and UV light. The cuticle is composed of cutin, an insoluble polyester of C16 and C18 hydroxy and epoxy fatty acids and glycerol (Graç a et al., 2002;Nawrath, 2002) that is surrounded and covered with waxes, predominantly aliphatic derivatives of very long chain fatty acids easily extracted with organic solvents (Kunst and Samuels, 2003).In recent years, genetic studies have yielded some insights into wax biosynthetic pathways (Kunst et al., 2006) and uncovered a transporter that can move wax constituents across the plasma membrane (Pighin et al., 2004). However, little is known about the regulation of cuticular wax deposition, an issue of fundamental importance for the development of plant cultivars with improved cuticle properties that are more resistant to environmental stresses. Currently, the only regulatory proteins known to affect wax production are the WAX INDUCER1/SHINE family in Arabidopsis thaliana and WAX PRODUCTION ACTIVA-TOR1 in Medicago truncatula (Aharoni et al., 2004;Broun et al., 2004;Zhang et al., 2005). Overexpression of these APETALA2/ ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR-type transcription factors dramatically enhances wax accumulation in leaves of transgenic plants, but their in planta roles in regulating wax deposition have not yet been confirmed by analysis of loss-of-function mutants.To identify mutants defective in regulation of wax production, we examined the expression of the cloned wax biosynthetic genes in all the wax-deficient eceriferum (cer) lines of Arabidopsis described by Koornneef et al. (1989). The cer7 mutant was found to have reduced transcript levels of CER3/WAX2/YORE-YORE (YRE) (CER3 is allelic to WAX2/...

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Biotechnology Approaches To Engineering Drought Tolerant Crop

Christensen

Feldmann

Advances in Molecular Breeding Toward Drought and Salt Tolerant Crops

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Wax constituents on the inflorescence stems of double eceriferum mutants in Arabidopsis reveal complex gene interactions

Cited by 28 publications

References 36 publications

Development of high-spatial and high-mass resolution mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) and its application to the study of small metabolites and endogenous molecules of plants

Development of high-spatial and high-mass resolution mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) and its application to the study of small metabolites and endogenous molecules of plants

A Core Subunit of the RNA-Processing/Degrading Exosome Specifically Influences Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis inArabidopsis

Biotechnology Approaches To Engineering Drought Tolerant Crop

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