Wax phase equilibria: developing a thermodynamic model using a systematic approach

Ji, Hongyan; Tohidi, Bahman; Danesh, Ali; Todd, Adrian Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.fluid.2003.05.011

Cited by 87 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Also, a new approach for investigating the PC-SAFT EOS parameters of wax in the crude oil was proposed in this work. In order to examine the performance of the PC-SAFT model, the wax precipitation experimental data reported in the literature were correlated using the above-mentioned models such as the Ji model (Ji et al 2004) from the solid solution (SS) category and the LiraGaleana model (Lira-Galeana et al 1996) from the multisolid (MS) phase category.…”

Section: Theoretical Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The performance of the proposed model for correlating the wax precipitation of the experimental data reported in the literature was compared to those obtained using the Ji model (Ji et al 2004) from solid solution (SS) category and Lira-Galeana model (Lira-Galeana et al 1996) from multi-solid (MS) phase category. The absolute deviation of the correlated WAT values obtained for the studied models from their experimental values was calculated by the following relation:…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, ri and qi have been obtained from the following relations by data fitting presented in the literature (Ji et al 2004):…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first important approach for modeling of wax precipitation uses a cubic equation of state (EOS) for vapor-liquid equilibrium and an activity coefficient model for solid-liquid equilibrium. These models are based on solid solution (SS) theory which assumes that all the components in the solid phase are miscible in all proportions (Won 1968(Won , 1989Hansen et al 1988;Pedersen et al 1991;Zuo et al 2001;Ji et al 2004). Chen et al (2009) proposed new correlations for the melting points and solidsolid transition temperatures of treated paraffin based on the experimental results from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental study and a proposed new approach for thermodynamic modeling of wax precipitation in crude oil using a PC-SAFT model

Behbahani¹

2016

Pet. Sci.

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A powerful method is necessary for thermodynamic modeling of wax phase behavior in crude oils, such as the perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT). In this work, a new approach based on the wax appearance temperature of crude oil was proposed to estimate PC-SAFT parameters in thermodynamic modeling of wax precipitation from crude oil. The proposed approach was verified using experimental data obtained in this work and also with those reported in the literature. In order to compare the performance of the PC-SAFT model with previous models, the wax precipitation experimental data were correlated using previous models such as the solid solution model and multi-solid phase model. The results showed that the PC-SAFT model can correlate more accurately the wax precipitation experimental data of crude oil than the previous models, with an absolute average deviation less than 0.4 %. Also, a series of dynamic experiments were carried out to determine the rheological behavior of waxy crude oil in the absence and presence of a flow improver such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. It was found that the apparent viscosity of waxy crude oil decreased with increasing shear rate. Also, the results showed that the performance of flow improver was dependent on its molecular weight.

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Section: Theoretical Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, ri and qi have been obtained from the following relations by data fitting presented in the literature (Ji et al 2004):…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental study and a proposed new approach for thermodynamic modeling of wax precipitation in crude oil using a PC-SAFT model

Behbahani¹

2016

Pet. Sci.

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“…This flow assurance problem has been a major research topic for some time now. Several researchers have studied and proposed methodologies [6][7][8][9][10][11] for detecting wax deposition. Aiyejina et al [4] have reviewed wax formation in oil pipelines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online estimation of wax deposition thickness in single-phase sub-sea pipelines based on acoustic chemometrics: A feasibility study

Halstensen

Arvoh

Amundsen

et al. 2013

Fuel

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Wax deposition in sub-sea oil producing pipelines is a concern to the oil producing companies. The deposition of wax in pipelines can cause serious economic implications if not monitored and controlled. Several researchers have developed models and investigated the deposition of wax in crude oil pipelines. As of today, there is no off the shelf instrument available for reliable online estimation of the wax deposition thickness in sub-sea pipelines.Acoustic chemometrics was applied to investigate the potential for online estimation of wax deposition thickness in sub-sea pipelines. This feasibility study was carried out as a so called piggy back on experiments performed at Statoil research centre in Porsgrunn, Norway with real crude oil or waxy gas condensate. The first investigations focussed on the repeatability of the acoustic chemometric technique followed by online prediction of the wax deposition thickness in a single-phase oil flow pipeline. A partial least squares regression model was calibrated and validated with a totally independent data set. The calibrated model had a root mean squared error of prediction of 0.28 mm with a final wax deposition thickness of 3.36 mm, a slope of 0.91 and R 2 of 0.83 which were satisfactory results. The effect of varying oil flow rates on the wax deposition thickness was also investigated. The preliminary results showed the need for further investigations based on a robust experimental design and sample  Corresponding author: e-mail: maths.halstensen@hit.no, Tel: +47 35575187, Telefax: +47 35575001 3 pre-processing. The general conclusion that can be drawn from this feasibility study was that the potential of adapting the acoustic chemometric technique for online estimation of the wax deposition thickness exist and must be further investigated.

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Phase boundaries for synthetic light oils and gas condensate mixtures using predictive equations of state with a solid solution model

Nasrifar

Javanmardi

2018

Can J Chem Eng

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Phase boundaries for five synthetic paraffinic mixtures were predicted using a previously developed Gibbs energy minimization algorithm. In this method, the vapour and liquid phases were described by cubic equations of state (EoS). These EoS employed a predictive temperature-dependent group-contribution binary interaction parameter model. The solid phase was described using a universal quasi-chemical activity coefficient (UNIQUAC) solid solution model. Using this algorithm, the phase boundaries were calculated from a temperature-search strategy. The predicted phase boundaries were found to be in good agreement with experimental phase boundaries for vapour-liquid (VL), solid-liquid (SL), solid-vapour (SV), and solid-vapour-liquid (SVL) regions. The model was also used to predict the phase boundaries at low temperatures where no experimental data were available.

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Wax phase equilibria: developing a thermodynamic model using a systematic approach

Cited by 87 publications

References 47 publications

Experimental study and a proposed new approach for thermodynamic modeling of wax precipitation in crude oil using a PC-SAFT model

Experimental study and a proposed new approach for thermodynamic modeling of wax precipitation in crude oil using a PC-SAFT model

Online estimation of wax deposition thickness in single-phase sub-sea pipelines based on acoustic chemometrics: A feasibility study

Phase boundaries for synthetic light oils and gas condensate mixtures using predictive equations of state with a solid solution model

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