Waxes in asphaltenes of crude oils and wax deposits

Ganeeva, Yu. M.; Yusupova, T. N.; Романов, Г. В.

doi:10.1007/s12182-016-0111-8

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Elevation of these values results in pressure drop, gelation, lower flowability, and higher pumping cost [3,4]. Waxes are mostly aliphatic and nonpolar compounds which have a high molecular weight, limited solubility in crude oil, and can aggregate or associate in solution [5,6]. The wax deposited in pipelines and tubing may create costly separation problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Characterization of Paraffin Wax Formed in Developing Wells and Pipelines

et al. 2019

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Deposition and precipitation of paraffin wax in pipelines are major problems in the production, transfer, storage, and processing of crude oil. To prevent complete clogging, it is necessary to minimize and remove deposited wax in pipelines and tubing. Significant research has been done addressing the mechanisms of wax formation and its composition. In this review, the status of research and perspectives on the occurrence and characterization of the paraffin wax that forms in crude oil developing wells and pipelines has been critically reviewed. Several approaches for detecting paraffin wax and managing wax formation damage during oil recovery were discussed. This review also highlighted the effects of temperature and crude oil type on wax formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Characterization of Paraffin Wax Formed in Developing Wells and Pipelines

et al. 2019

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“…During the transportation of crude oil in the subsea region, where the average temperature can be as low as 5°C near the seabed, the liquid-phase waxy crude oil undergoes three phase changes (Chala et al 2018). With the change in the operating conditions (temperature and/or pressure), the wax particles aggregate within the cluster (Ganeeva et al 2016). When the size of the clusters is large enough, the wax precipitates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of surfactants and their blend with silica nanoparticles on wax deposition in a Malaysian crude oil

et al. 2018

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The present study investigated the wax deposition tendencies of a light Malaysian crude oil (42.4°API), and the wax inhibiting potential of some surfactants and their blends with nanoparticles. With the knowledge that the majority of the wax inhibition research revolved around polymeric wax inhibitors, which cause environmental issues, we highlighted the potential of surfactants and their blend with SiO 2 nanoparticles as wax deposition inhibitors. Different surfactants including oil-based, silane-based, Gemini and bio-surfactants were considered as primary surfactants. The primary surfactants and their respective blends at a concentration of 400 ppm were screened as wax inhibitor candidates using cold finger apparatus. The screening results showed a significant influence on the paraffin inhibition efficiency on wax deposition by using 400 ppm of silane-based surfactant, which decreased the wax deposition up to 53.9% as compared to that of the untreated crude oil. The inhibition efficiency among the silane-based surfactant (highest) and bio-surfactant (lowest) revealed an appreciable difference up to 36.5%. Furthermore, the wax from the treated sample was found to deposit in a thin gel-like form, which adhered inadequately to the surface of the cold finger. A further investigation by blending the 400 ppm silane-based surfactant with a 400 ppm SiO 2 nanoparticle suspension in a load ratio of 3:1 found that the wax inhibition decreased up to 81% as compared to the scenario when they were not added. However, we have shown that the synergy between the silane-based surfactant and the nanoparticles is influenced by the concentration and load ratio of surfactant and nanoparticles, residence time, differential temperature and rotation rate.

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“…Also, they are one of the most important constituents of crude oils because they have a great influence on crude oil properties. For analytical purposes, the concentration of asphaltene in a crude oil is defined by precipitation with either n ‐pentane (nC 5 ) or n ‐heptane (nC 7 ) (Ganeeva, Yusupova, & Romanov, ). Evaluation of the amounts of asphaltenes in different oils showed that the asphaltene content were 0.05 and 1.87 wt% for Khanken and Basrah, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and screening of metals, metalloids and biomarkers in crude oil by ICP–MS/OES, and GC–MS techniques after digestion by microwave‐induced combustion

Mohammad

Hameed

Alhamdany

et al. 2019

Biomedical Chromatography

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A method for digestion of light and medium Iraqi crude oils (Basrah and Khanaken oils) using microwave‐induced combustion (MIC) in closed vessels is described for the determination of Hg, Au, Cu, Al, Ca, Co, K, Mg, Si and Sr by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) and Mo, Ti, Mn, Li, Se−1, Rb, Ag, Ba, Pb, As, Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni, V and Zn by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). Upon using MIC it was possible to obtain lower limits of detection by ICP–MS and also by ICP–OES compared with those obtained by microwave‐assisted digestion. The MIC was the best choice with regard to the possibility of using dilute nitric acid as an absorbing solution, which is important to minimize the interference encountered by ICP–MS and ICP–OES.The physicochemical parameters and some contaminants of crude oil samples were analyzed to classify and assess the quality of the crude oils. This study determines the viability of the use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as an alternativee to traditional petroleum geochemical methods for crude oil characterization. The infrared fingerprints agree with the results obtained from GC–MS analysis.

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Waxes in asphaltenes of crude oils and wax deposits

Cited by 46 publications

References 34 publications

Occurrence and Characterization of Paraffin Wax Formed in Developing Wells and Pipelines

Occurrence and Characterization of Paraffin Wax Formed in Developing Wells and Pipelines

Effect of surfactants and their blend with silica nanoparticles on wax deposition in a Malaysian crude oil

Characterization and screening of metals, metalloids and biomarkers in crude oil by ICP–MS/OES, and GC–MS techniques after digestion by microwave‐induced combustion

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