Ways of coping of Chinese caregivers for family members with schizophrenia in two metropolitan cities: Guangzhou and Hong Kong, China

Lam, Paul C.W.; Ng, Petrus Y N; Pan, Jia-Yan; Young, Daniel

doi:10.1177/0020764014565797

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Thus, more unbalanced flexibility levels were associated with greater feelings of burden among caregivers, which are related to higher levels of psychological distress [6] 2016. Caregivers of schizophrenic patients use the effective and ineffective coping methods of crying, denial, anger, withdrawal from social life, aggressive behaviors, positive thinking, knowledge acquisition, receiving support from friends and neighbors, and seeking social support together [10][11][12][13][14]. However, it has been reported that the coping strategies of caregivers are insufficient and caregivers are in need of nursing interventions to improve their coping [11].…”

Section: Flexible Line Of Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Framework for Nurses in the Use of the Neuman Systems Model on Caregivers of People Suffering by Schizophrenia

Bademli¹,

Duman²

2017

Int Arch Nurs Health Care

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framework and providing a holistic viewpoint [1]. While developing the systems model, Neuman used Gestalt, systems and stress adaptation theories. The Neuman Systems Model has a dynamic structure that provides a systems-based holistic viewpoint and is based on the protection of environmental factors in relation to the system, which is oriented to the state of wellness, and the system balance with regard to these factors [2]. The Neuman Systems Model shows a comprehensive conceptual structure related to stressors, reactions given against stressors and protective interventions. In the model, the system approach is taken as basis and it is explained how the system remains in balance against the stressors. In the Neuman systems model, the patient is considered a system and it is clarified that the system has its lower segments and these segments are interrelated. According to Neuman, a human being is an ever-changing open system that is in mutual interaction with the environment. The Neuman client system may be an individual, a family, a group or a community. The client system is addressed in a holistic manner in the model and is considered as the combination of five variables that affect each other, namely the physical, psychological, socio-cultural, developmental, and spiritual variables [2,3].Neuman describes a human being as a basic structure surrounded by successive rings as a system. The successive rings in the model constitute the lines of defense. The lines of defense are defined as flexible lines of defense, normal lines of defense, and the lines of AbstractNursing knowledge is shaped by nursing conceptual models and nursing theories. Nursing theories and models explain the basic metaparadigm concepts related to nursing discipline and the correlation between these concepts, and focus on the role of nursing. Models bring a point of view on nursing and direct nursing practices. Conceptual models in nursing bring a common meaning to the basic concepts of nursing. It is important to use the nursing model as guideline in the practices. In this study, the philosophical and theoretical basis of the Neuman Systems Model, the model's description, and its use on caregivers of patients with schizophrenia took place. The Neuman Systems model provides the nurse with a conceptual framework and contributes to provide a holistic care while working with caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The Neuman Systems model provides the nurse with a comprehensive assessment in terms of caregiving and explains how the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention interventions can be used in problem-solving. Using the Neuman Systems Model to help understand the environmental forces that impact the client system will offer nurses insight into the family's coping ability. At this point, the Neuman Systems Model provides nurses with a comprehensive viewpoint regarding how schizophrenia affects caregivers, and helps nurses plan and implement interventions to empower coping of the caregivers of schizophrenic patients.

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Section: Flexible Line Of Defensementioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual Framework for Nurses in the Use of the Neuman Systems Model on Caregivers of People Suffering by Schizophrenia

Bademli¹,

Duman²

2017

Int Arch Nurs Health Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In Chinese societies, which are bound by extensive kinship obligations, family members often take an active role in caregiving (Lam et al, 2013), whether living with or apart from a family member with mental illness. Many have experienced a burden, and found that caregiving has had adverse effects on their physical and mental health and quality of life (Lam et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a Chinese city like Hong Kong, family caregivers are affected by the illness of their family members, contextual problems and the current inadequacies of the mental health care system (Pearson and Lam, 2002). They are under stress and are psychologically at risk (Lam et al, 2015). Many family caregivers in Mainland China have also been found to have poor mental health and to be bearing a heavy burden of care (Li et al, 2007; Liu et al, 2007; Yao, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of a community mental health intervention project upon family caregivers of persons with suspected mental illness in the Chinese cultural context

Young

Pan

et al. 2017

International Social Work

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Family members play an important role in caregiving with more emphasis on early intervention for people suffering from mental illness. Using both quantitative and qualitative methods, this study examines the effects of a community mental health intervention project (CoMHIP) on burdens of caregivers who have family members with suspected mental illness. Results showed that family caregivers’ burden and psychological stress level had been reduced (p < .001). The caregivers subjectively experienced a significant reduction in stress regarding the caregiving subscales, supervision, tension, worrying and urging after seeking CoMHIP service. Findings for the study have implications on social work interventions regarding family caregiving of people with suspected mental health problems.

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“…Researchers have noted that EE was formed with English cultural norms in mind, valuing the independence of the person with psychosis (Singh, 2013). In contrast, Chinese culture has traditionally placed emphasis on interdependence (Lam et al, 2015). Chinese parenting practices can be seen to be guided by the notion of 'guan', which indicates a willingness for parents to direct their child through control and regulated teaching.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Views of Mental Health Manager Towards the Use of a Family Work Model for Psychosis in Guangzhou, China

Dixon

Lei

Huang

et al. 2018

Community Ment Health J

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Family Interventions in Psychosis (FIP) have been promoted internationally but have been criticised for being based on western cultural models. This paper reports on a focus group study with 10 Integrated Mental Health Service Managers in Guangzhou, China using thematic analysis. Managers believed FIP might benefit families but identified potential difficulties due to (a) families avoiding services due to the 'shame' of mental illness (b) unrealistic expectations of services amongst families (c) deferral to 'key decision-makers' within families when discussing family issues with workers. The findings indicate that FIP work should focus on interaction between carers in the first instance with service users being introduced into sessions at a later date and that more attention needs to be given by the research community to how FIP may be adapted to cultural norms within China.

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Ways of coping of Chinese caregivers for family members with schizophrenia in two metropolitan cities: Guangzhou and Hong Kong, China

Abstract: There were significant differences in the coping strategies of family caregivers for people with schizophrenia in the two Chinese cities. Further studies are warranted to investigate factors affecting their coping strategies and their effects on psychological health.

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Conceptual Framework for Nurses in the Use of the Neuman Systems Model on Caregivers of People Suffering by Schizophrenia

Conceptual Framework for Nurses in the Use of the Neuman Systems Model on Caregivers of People Suffering by Schizophrenia

The effects of a community mental health intervention project upon family caregivers of persons with suspected mental illness in the Chinese cultural context

The Views of Mental Health Manager Towards the Use of a Family Work Model for Psychosis in Guangzhou, China

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