We Who Built America: The Saga of the Immigrant

Billington, Ray Allen; Wittke, Carl

doi:10.2307/1839838

Cited by 14 publications

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“…These Irish immigrants often took any jobs they could find, at meager pay, and were largely exposed to exploitation by employers (Laxton (1997)). Newspapers reported that those who were employed in canals and railroad construction projects were treated "like slaves" (Wittke (1939)). As such, the arrival of Irish immigrants provided a positive shock to the supply of exploitable labor for local producers.…”

Section: Shock To Labor Exploitation: the Influx Of Irish Immigrantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to Finance and Technological Innovation: Evidence from Pre-Civil War America

Mao

Wang²

2022

J. Financ. Quant. Anal.

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This article provides new evidence on how access to finance affects technological innovation and establishes the role of labor practices in shaping this relation. We exploit a unique setting, pre-Civil War America, where staggered adoption of free banking laws across states encouraged bank entry, and variation in the use of exploited workers in agriculture generated differences in producers’ demands for labor-saving technologies. Results show that access to finance spurred innovation; the positive effect on agricultural innovation diminished with labor exploitation. We establish the causal role of labor exploitation using the 1850s cholera pandemic and the influx of Irish immigrants.

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Section: Shock To Labor Exploitation: the Influx Of Irish Immigrantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to Finance and Technological Innovation: Evidence from Pre-Civil War America

Mao

Wang²

2022

J. Financ. Quant. Anal.

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Affinität auf Widerruf

Totten¹

1986

Amerika Und Die Deutschen

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From Austria-Hungary to the United States: National Minorities and Emigration 1880-1914

Frank

1996

Natl. pap.

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At the beginning of his political career, Count Kuno Klebelsberg, the remarkable future Hungarian Minister of Culture and Education of the 1920s, prepared a statement on emigration from Hungary for Prime Minister Kálmán Széll in 1902. “[W]e must correct a great and general mistake, that might unfortunately lead to disappointment,” Klebelsberg warned the PM. “Unwilling to make a distinction among people from the point of view of nationality, we call everybody residing in Hungary a Hungarian. This is how it became fashionable to speak of 'the emigration of Hungarians' when emigration was discussed, giving the general public, unaccustomed to making distinctions, the mistaken belief that we are talking about the emigration of Hungarians who speak the native tongue. This is why the return of the emigrants and corresponding official arrangements are demanded. The case is different, however. The two largest contingents contributing to the [“Hungarian”] emigration are Slovaks and Ruthenes.”

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We Who Built America: The Saga of the Immigrant

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Access to Finance and Technological Innovation: Evidence from Pre-Civil War America

Access to Finance and Technological Innovation: Evidence from Pre-Civil War America

Affinität auf Widerruf

From Austria-Hungary to the United States: National Minorities and Emigration 1880-1914

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