“We will change whether we want it or not”: Soil erosion in Maasai land as a social dilemma and a challenge to community resilience

Integrating land‐water‐people connectivity concepts across disciplines for co‐design of soil erosion solutions

“…Participatory research in this context aims to evaluate not only the key environmental challenges affecting communities but also, and more critically, to understand the socio-ecological connectivity (Berkes, Folke, & Colding, 2000) between these environmental challenges and their integration in socio-economic processes at multiple spatial levels and temporal scales. Prior work has shown that understanding the linkages is vital to enable sustainable and equitable change and break the cycle of declining resilience to soil erosion (Pretty, 1995). In this East African context, soil erosion is a civic as well as a practical problem.…”

Modelling, Measuring, and Visualising Community Resilience: A Systematic Review

“…Sea level rise and saltwater intrusion [42] Soil erosion [104] Six components Community assets [76] Critical infrastructure [96] Disasters [75] [85,86] [83]…”

“…Qualitative All-hazards environment 4-stage process for identifying issues, solving problems, and planning activities [79] Climate risks 6-phase process (4 phases for preparation and 2 phases for implementation and monitoring) [61] Community based tourism Relationship between tourism experiences with community resilience processes [101] Evacuation route planning and design Limits of punctual treatments and impacts on dimensions of urban walkability [63] Man-made and natural disasters 6-stage process with detailed guidance, tools, and resources identified for each module [89] National health security Roadmap used as a starting point to develop local community resilience strategy [77] Soil erosion Impacts on soil erosion based on social, psychological, and cultural parameters [104] Stresses accumulate and sudden shocks 4 categories, 12 goals, 52 indicators, and 156 variables for city resilience [49] Tsunami Strength and weakness of tsunami preparedness based on eight resilience elements [105] Analysis of resilience capacities and resources activated to cope with disaster [99] Quantitative Acute shocks (natural and man-made) Resilience scores for preliminary (from 0 to 30) and detailed assessment (from 0 to 180) [54] Climate change Space time dynamic resilience measure (ST-DRM) [51] Disasters Disaster resilience score ranging between 22 and 110 [84] Community disaster resilience index for 4 capital indices across 4 management phases [82] A single, scalar measure combined from six multidimensional components [83] Resilience index based on the percentage of check marks and the number of Yes answers [90] Disaster-resilience index score based on process-and outcome-indicator scores [98] Economic development and social capital Composite scores of economic development, social capital and community resilience [110] Health, safety, and health equity Top three priorities to increase health and safety and reduce health inequities [112] Natural hazards Composite resilience index ranging between 0 and 100 [108] Rural diversity Rural diversity index ranging between 0 and 1 [43] Shocks and adverse events Overall rank along with vulnerability, adaptive capacity, and resilience scores [60] Hybrid Community resources Community portrait involving community perceptions, attitudes, feelings, and others [37] Community assets Toolkit for specific resources and acti...…”

“…Crises and disasters [81] Disasters [73] Soil erosion [104] Tsunami [105] Urban planning [66] Radial stacked bar chart Natural hazard events [100] Stresses accumulate and sudden shocks [49] Urban planning and policy [69] Hypercube Cyclone and storm surge disasters [113] Transportation network in earthquake [67] Others Bar chart Food, energy, and water [57] Urban flood [52] 6.…”

“…On the other hand, spider charts help us to compare (i) resilience dimensions of a community over time or between communities by placing multiple polygons over or upon each other in a single diagram [105] and (ii) resilience dimensions with a defined standard [73]. Generally, spider charts can enable a better understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of resilience dimensions [104] and therefore very useful for high-level presentation of assessments. In [81], the CoBRA framework describes community attainment of resilience by illustrating five sustainable livelihood framework categories that are financial, human, natural, physical, and social by the current and crisis years.…”