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The galaxy cluster A746 (z = 0.214), featuring a double radio relic system, two isolated radio relics, a possible radio halo, disturbed V-shaped X-ray emission, and intricate galaxy distributions, is a unique and complex merging system. We present a weak-lensing analysis of A746 based on wide-field imaging data from Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam observations. The mass distribution is characterized by a main peak, which coincides with the center of the X-ray emission. At this main peak, we detect two extensions toward the north and west tracing the cluster galaxy and X-ray distributions. Despite the ongoing merger, our estimate of the A746 global mass M 500 = 4.4 ± 1.0 × 1014 M ⊙ is consistent with the previous results from Sunyaev-Zel'dovich and X-ray observations. We conclude that reconciling the distributions of mass, galaxies, and intracluster medium with the double radio relic system and other radio features remains challenging.
The galaxy cluster A746 (z = 0.214), featuring a double radio relic system, two isolated radio relics, a possible radio halo, disturbed V-shaped X-ray emission, and intricate galaxy distributions, is a unique and complex merging system. We present a weak-lensing analysis of A746 based on wide-field imaging data from Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam observations. The mass distribution is characterized by a main peak, which coincides with the center of the X-ray emission. At this main peak, we detect two extensions toward the north and west tracing the cluster galaxy and X-ray distributions. Despite the ongoing merger, our estimate of the A746 global mass M 500 = 4.4 ± 1.0 × 1014 M ⊙ is consistent with the previous results from Sunyaev-Zel'dovich and X-ray observations. We conclude that reconciling the distributions of mass, galaxies, and intracluster medium with the double radio relic system and other radio features remains challenging.
Abell 514 (A514) at z = 0.071 is an intriguing merging system exhibiting highly elongated (∼1 Mpc) X-ray features and three large-scale (300 ∼ 500 kpc) bent radio jets. To dissect this system with its multiwavelength data, it is critical to robustly identify and quantify its dark matter substructures. We present a weak-lensing analysis of A514 using deep Magellan/Megacam observations. Combining two optical band filter imaging data obtained under optimal seeing (∼0.″6) and leveraging the proximity of A514, we achieve a high source density of ∼ 46 arcmin − 2 or ∼6940 Mpc−2, which enables high-resolution mass reconstruction. We unveil the complex dark matter substructures of A514, which are characterized by the NW and SE subclusters separated by ∼0.7 Mpc, each exhibiting a bimodal mass distribution. The total mass of the NW subcluster is estimated to be M 200 c NW = 1.08 − 0.22 + 0.25 × 10 14 M ⊙ and is further resolved into the eastern ( M 200 c NW E = 2.6 − 1.1 + 1.4 × 10 13 M ⊙ ) and western ( M 200 c NW W = 7.1 − 2.0 + 2.3 × 10 13 M ⊙ ) components. The mass of the SE subcluster is M 200 c SE = 1.55 − 0.26 + 0.28 × 10 14 M ⊙ , which is also further resolved into the northern ( M 200 c SE N = 2.9 − 1.3 + 1.8 × 10 13 M ⊙ ) and southern ( M 200 c SE S = 8.5 − 2.6 + 3.1 × 10 13 M ⊙ ) components. These four substructures coincide with the A514 brightest galaxies and are detected with significances ranging from 3.3σ to 4.7σ. Comparison of the dark matter substructures with the X-ray distribution suggests that A514 might have experienced an off-axis collision, and the NW and SE subclusters are currently near their apocenters.
We present a weak lensing analysis of the galaxy cluster A2390 at z = 0.23 using second moment shape measurements made in 411 short 60 s exposures. The exposures are obtained in three broadband photometric filters (g, r, and i) using WIYN-ODI. Shape measurement in individual exposures is done using a moment-matching algorithm. Forced measurement is used when the moment-matching algorithm fails to converge at low signal-to-noise ratio. The measurements made in individual images are combined using inverse error weighting to obtain accurate shapes for the sources and hence recover shear. We use PhoSim simulations to validate the shear measurements recovered by our pipeline. We find the mass of A2390 is in agreement with previously published results. We also find the E-mode maps show filamentary structures consistent with baryonic structures and recover most clusters/groups of galaxies found using optical and X-ray data. Thus, we demonstrate the feasibility of using weak lensing to map large-scale structure of the Universe. We also find the central portion of the cluster has a bimodal mass distribution and the relative orientation of the peaks is similar to X-ray. We discuss earlier research on this galaxy cluster, and show that a late-stage merger accounts for all the observed data.
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