Weaning Alters Intestinal Gene Expression Involved in Nutrient Metabolism by Shaping Gut Microbiota in Pigs

Meng, Qiang; Luo, Zhengrong; Cao, Chunyu; Sun, Shishuai; Ma, Qingquan; Li, Zhongyu; Shi, Baoming; Shan, Anshan

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.00694

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…On the genus level, it is well documented that Bacteroides are known to provide an advantage in the use of milk oligosaccharides as carbon sources [33]. Similar with other studies, the abundance of Bacteroides was higher before weaning in both groups [14,15]. However, the abundance of Bacteroides in the SC group was signi cantly lower than that in the CON group, which might suggest that the early social contact might help the piglets communicate more and eat more of the solid food that we supplied, as both groups of piglets could freely access solid food from 20 days of age.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Weaning transition is an important development stage in pigs as it impacts the intestinal microbial structure and function [14,15]. Under modern intensive farming practices, farmers pursue economic bene ts by weaning piglets at a very early age, which obviously causes stress that depresses piglet food intake, growth, immune response, oxidative stress and neuroendocrine function [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of early social contact on the community structure and functions of fecal microbiome in suckling - growing piglets

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Social contact in the early suckling period as an enriched social environment can reduce the aggressive behaviors of piglets at weaning regrouping, and improve their production performance and welfare. We speculated that the social environment could modulate the maturation of piglet intestinal microbiota at later growth stages. Therefore, we performed microbial 16S rRNA gene sequencing from fecal samples, collected at 16, 35, 42, and 63 days of age, to investigate the structure and function of intestinal microbiota in piglets that experienced early social contact. Results: The results showed that the litter weight of the piglets was not significantly different between the control (CON) and social contact (SC) groups at 35 days of age (P > 0.05), but the weight of piglets in the SC group significantly decreased at 63 days compared to the CON group (P < 0.05). While the proportion of Firmicutes were the most abundant bacterial phylum detected in both groups at all times, the proportion of Firmicutes and the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroides ratio were significantly higher in the SC group compared to the CON group and the proportion of Bacteroides was lower in the SC group compared to the CON group at 35, 42, and 63 days of age (P < 0.05). At the genus level, early social contact had a significant positive effect on the level of Lactobacillus at 35 and 42 days of age (P < 0.05), but a negative effect on Prevotella at 35, 42, and 63 days of age (P < 0.05). Furthermore, functional analysis of the microbial composition showed that the changes induced by early social contact mainly altered the relative abundance of metabolic and related pathways. From 35 days of age, the social contact notably had a negative effect on the abundance microbial pathways for protein digestion and absorption and lipid metabolism (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Early social contact truly changed the taxonomy of fecal microbiota in piglets, which in turn, impacted the potential for microbial function within the piglet intestine. At present, we speculate that providing continuous social contact negatively influences the nutrient metabolism for the growing piglets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of early social contact on the community structure and functions of fecal microbiome in suckling - growing piglets

Liu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Moreover, the faecal bacterial composition of swine varies significantly in different growth stages ( Kim et al., 2015b ). Being one of the important landmarks of the production stage, the weaning transition was found to significantly alter the swine gut microbiota composition and the pathways concerning nutrient metabolism ( Meng et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Swine Gut Microbiota and Their Influencing Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swine gut microbiota and its interaction with host nutrient metabolism

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Animal Nutrition

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Gut microbiota is generally recognized to play a crucial role in maintaining host health and metabolism. The correlation among gut microbiota, glycolipid metabolism, and metabolic diseases has been well reviewed in humans. However, the interplay between gut microbiota and host metabolism in swine remains incompletely understood. Given the limitation in conducting human experiments and the high similarity between swine and humans in terms of anatomy, physiology, polyphagy, habits, and metabolism and in terms of the composition of gut microbiota, there is a pressing need to summarize the knowledge gained regarding swine gut microbiota, its interplay with host metabolism, and the underlying mechanisms. This review aimed to outline the bidirectional regulation between gut microbiota and nutrient metabolism in swine and to emphasize the action mechanisms underlying the complex microbiome–host crosstalk via the gut microbiota–gut–brain axis. Moreover, it highlights the new advances in knowledge of the diurnal rhythmicity of gut microbiota. A better understanding of these aspects can not only shed light on healthy and efficient pork production but also promote our knowledge on the associations between gut microbiota and the microbiome–host crosstalk mechanism. More importantly, knowledge on microbiota, host health and metabolism facilitates the development of a precise intervention therapy targeting the gut microbiota.

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“…Many studies have indicated that the weaning transition activates inflammation and stress signaling pathways and leads to abnormal expression of intestinal genes and proteins in pigs ( Wang et al, 2008 ; Hu et al, 2013 ). Meng et al (2020) performed RNA-seq to determine the changes in the intestinal transcriptome and conducted 16S rRNA sequencing to measure the gut microbiota changes during the weaning transition. They found that the weaning transition altered the intestinal expression of genes involved in nutrient absorption, transportation, and metabolic processes and significantly decreased the abundances of Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria in piglets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Shows Marked Shifts in the Multi-Omic Profiles of Porcine Post-weaning Diarrhea

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Weaning is the most critical phase in pig production and is generally associated with significant impacts on intestinal morphology, structure, physiology, and immune responses, which can lead to subsequent production inefficiencies such as decreases in growth and intake and increases in morbidity and mortality. In the present study, we attempted to explore the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on the fecal microbiota, fecal metabolites, and transcriptome in the jejunum, colon, liver, spleen, and oral mucosa in piglets with post-weaning diarrhea and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of FMT in piglets with post-weaning diarrhea. We found that FMT partially relieved the symptoms of diarrhea in piglets, and microbiota analysis results indicated that unclassified_f_Prevotellaceae was identified as an FMT-associated bacterial family at 66 day and that the Shannon index in the healthy group at 34, 38, and 66 days were higher than that at 21 day. Functional enrichment analysis of the oral mucosa, liver, jejunum, and colon showed that most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in the terms metabolic process, immune response, and inflammatory response. Moreover, the enriched fecal metabolites focused mostly on apoptosis, beta-alanine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism. We tried to detect specific “metabolite-bacterium” pairs, such as “g_Catenisphaera-stigmastentriol,” “p_Bacteroidetes-(6beta,22E)-6-hydroxystigmasta-4,22-dien-3-one,” and “g_Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group-stenocereol.” Overall, the present study provides a theoretical basis for the alleviation of weaning stress and contributes to the realization of effective and sustainable application of FMT in the pig production industry in the future.

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Weaning Alters Intestinal Gene Expression Involved in Nutrient Metabolism by Shaping Gut Microbiota in Pigs

Cited by 42 publications

References 71 publications

The effect of early social contact on the community structure and functions of fecal microbiome in suckling - growing piglets

The effect of early social contact on the community structure and functions of fecal microbiome in suckling - growing piglets

Swine gut microbiota and its interaction with host nutrient metabolism

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Shows Marked Shifts in the Multi-Omic Profiles of Porcine Post-weaning Diarrhea

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