Weaning weight trends in the US beef cattle industry

Lalman, David; Andresen, Claire; Goad, Carla L.; Kriese-Anderson, L. A.; King, M.E.; Odde, K. G.

doi:10.15232/aas.2018-01797

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Their work suggested that selection for greater milk yield in their environment did not improve cow/calf enterprise income, although it may increase expenses and reduce the effective stocking rate. In fact, Lalman et al, (2019) documented weaning BW in commercial cow/calf operations in several large data sets and found that weaning BW has stabilized in some regions of the country. Finally, the phenotypic trend for adjusted weaning BW for Charolais and Angus bulls reveals a slowing rate of increased weaning BW over time ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the California Net Energy System to grazed forage: feed values and requirements

Lalman

Andresen

Holder

et al. 2019

Translational Animal Science

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The California Net Energy System (CNES) has been successfully used for many years to generate estimates of grazing animal energy requirements, supplemental needs, and energy value of grazed forage diets. Compared to pen feeding situations, validation of feed nutritive value estimates or animal performance projections are extremely difficult in grazing animals because many of the system inputs are constantly changing. A major difficulty in applying this or any energy accounting system in the field is acquiring accurate estimates of forage intake. We discuss the various equations available to estimate forage intake for grazing animals with emphasis on beef cows. Progress has been made in recent years although there remains substantial discrepancy among various equations, particularly in the upper range of forage digestibility. Validation work and further development is needed in this area. For lactating cows, our conclusion is that the adjustment of intake for milk production (0.2 kg increase in forage intake per kg of milk produced) needs to be increased to a minimum of 0.35. A particular challenge with the CNES for grazing beef cows is the dramatic interaction that can occur between genetic potential for production traits and nutrient availability. Examples from literature are provided and a case study is presented demonstrating that energy requirements are dynamic and depend on nutrients available in grazing systems. The CNES is a useful tool in grazing beef cattle management although there remains substantial opportunity and need to improve inputs and validate the system in grazing situations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the California Net Energy System to grazed forage: feed values and requirements

Lalman

Andresen

Holder

et al. 2019

Translational Animal Science

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“…Selecting cows based on their genetic trait potential for milk and growth is also associated with greater maintenance requirements [2] resulting in greater production costs. Pendell and Herbel [34] and Lalman [35] have suggested that reducing the cost of calf production has greater upside potential for profitability than attempting to increase calf weaning body weight.…”

Section: Cow Size Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Frame Score, Grazing and Delayed Feedlot Entry Effect on Performance and Economics of Beef Steers from Small- and Large-Framed Cows in an Integrated Crop-Livestock System

Şentürklü

Landblom

Paisley

et al. 2021

Animals

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When selling small-framed steers at weaning, profitability is diminished. The hypothesis is that by using a vertically integrated business model that includes retained ownership, extended grazing, abbreviated feedlot finishing, and selling at slaughter, profitability would increase. Crossbred yearling steers (n = 288) from small size Aberdeen Angus (Lowline) × Red Angus × Angus × Angus cows and moderate to large size Red Angus × Angus × Simmental × Gelbvieh cows calved May−June were randomly assigned (complete randomized design), in a 3 y study, to feedlot control (FLT) and extended grazing (GRZ) frame score treatment groups. Mean frame score for FLT were small frame (SF) 3.82 and large frame (LF) 5.63, and for GRZ, SF: 3.77 and LF: 5.53. Least-square means were utilized to identify levels of effects and to control family-wise error adjusted with Tukey test. The FLT control steers were housed in the feedlot and fed growing diets and subsequently high energy corn-based diets for 218 days. The GRZ steers grazed a sequence of forages (native range, field pea-barley mix, and unharvested corn) for 212 days and then were transferred to the feedlot and fed high energy corn-based finishing diets for 82 days. The SF GRZ steers grew more slowly grazing native range and annual forages compared to GRZ LF steers, but SF steer grazing cost per kg of gain was reduced 7.80%. Grazing steers did not grow to their full genetic potential. Slower growth during grazing allowed LF and SF steers to grow structurally before feedlot entry creating a compensatory feedlot finishing growth response. Overall, grazing steer performance exceeded steer performance of the FLT control treatment and LF grazing steers had the highest rate of gain, and lowest feed cost per kg of gain. The GRZ steer feedlot days on feed were reduced 136 days and total feed intake was reduced resulting in LF and SF grazing steer feed cost reductions of 175.9 and 165.3%, respectively. Extended grazing also resulted in LF and SF grazing steer hot carcass weights to be greater than control LF and SF steers and SF grazing steers had greater dressing percent, and marbling score. Carcass quality grade, meat tenderness, and cooking losses were similar. System net returns were highest for LF (USD 911.58), and SF (USD 866.61) grazing steers. Managerial modification combining retained ownership, extended grazing, and delayed feedlot entry increased profitability and eliminated market bias.

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“…This improvement in SP population can be due to import of animals from highly specialized populations from abroad. Differences in genetic trends across the breeds are obvious, because populations have different breeding objectives, selection intensity, generation interval and others (Johnston, 2007). In this respect Sullivan et al (1999) reported that higher genetic progress was observed in lighter breeds compared to heavier ones leading to decreasing the differences among the breeds.…”

Section: Genetic Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In case of body weights in different ages Abreu et al (2018) reported improvement of weights before weaning, while selecting on weights at weaning and post-weaning weight. From the profit point of view it is important to monitor genetic trends in order to change the focus of breeding in order to enhance the profitability (Lalman et al, 2019). For this purpose, in some countries breeders` associations publish the genetic trends on regular bases (AICA, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and phenotypic trends for weights of major beef and dual-purpose cattle breeds in Slovak Republic

Tomka

Huba

Kumičík

2020

Acta fytotechn zootechn

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Genetic evaluation of beef cattle in Slovakia started in first years of this century. After the first decade of running the routine evaluations it is important to review the progress made and to discuss the further development. The aim of this paper was to compile and deliver genetic and phenotypic trends in order to review importance of evaluated traits with respect to four major beef (Charolais, Limousine) and dual-purpose breeds (Slovak Pinzgau cattle, Slovak Spotted cattle). The study showed different progress made across the breeds. Higher genetic progress was observed in Charolais purebreds compared to Limousine counterparts. Moreover, almost similar progress to that in Charolais was observed in dual-purpose Slovak Pinzgau cattle. On the other hand no progress was observed in Slovak Spotted purebreds. Results also showed higher progress in bulls compared to cows. Phenotypic trends showed reserves for improvement in Charolais and closing to breed standards in Limousine. In dualpurpose breeds improvement was shown only in Slovak Pinzgau, while no improvement or decrease in actual weights was shown in Slovak Spotted purebreds.

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Weaning weight trends in the US beef cattle industry

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Application of the California Net Energy System to grazed forage: feed values and requirements

Application of the California Net Energy System to grazed forage: feed values and requirements

Frame Score, Grazing and Delayed Feedlot Entry Effect on Performance and Economics of Beef Steers from Small- and Large-Framed Cows in an Integrated Crop-Livestock System

Genetic and phenotypic trends for weights of major beef and dual-purpose cattle breeds in Slovak Republic

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