Wear and Friction Mechanism of Stainless Steel 420 Under Various Lubrication Conditions: A Tribological Assessment With Ball on Flat Test

Gupta, Munish Kumar; Demirsöz, Recep; Korkmaz, Mehmet Erdi; Ross, Nimel Sworna

doi:10.1115/1.4056423

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Lubrication helps in reducing the coefficient of friction between the tribo-pair. 33 The addition of nano particles helps in further lowering of friction coefficient. To study this effect, Srivyas and Charoo 34 investigated friction and wear study on eutectic Al–Si alloy against chrome treated steel under nano-aluminum oxide (n-Al 2 O 3 ) and graphene nano platelets (GNPs) polyalphaolefin (PAO) lubricant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry sliding wear behavior of hard-chrome and zinc-phosphate conversion coatings on steel substrates

Kumar,

Rachwani,

Kumar Singh

2024

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have studied tribological properties of conversion coatings, hard chrome on AISI 430 stainless steel, and zinc phosphate on AISI 1044 carbon steel. These substrates were chosen due to their extensive industrial applications. The goal of the present study is to improve the wear resistance of these substrates through the coatings. We performed nano-indentation and ball-on-disc tribometer experiments to study mechanical and tribological behavior of substrates and coatings. We find that when zinc-phosphate coating is applied to AISI 1044 steel, a new phase Zn2Fe(PO4)2·4H2O (phosphophyllite) is formed on the surface that increases the surface hardness. We further find that coefficient of friction decreases approximately by 8% due to hard-chrome coating on AISI 430 steel and by 48% due to zinc-phosphate coating on AISI 1044 steel under load and speed conditions applied in the present study. We attribute our findings to formation of: (1) an adhering layer of chromium in the case of chrome–steel contact, leading to chrome–chrome contact at the interface of test-specimen and counter-surface, and (2) a glossy layer at interface in the case of phosphate-steel contact, owing to the compaction and crushing of phosphate wear debris. Our wear studies show maximum reductions in specific wear rate to be around 80% and 89% for chrome and zinc-phosphate coatings, respectively. We note that adhesion and abrasion are the primary modes of wear for chrome and zinc-phosphate conversion coatings, respectively at the initial stage. However, adhesive wear switches to delamination wear at a later stage for hard-chrome coating.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry sliding wear behavior of hard-chrome and zinc-phosphate conversion coatings on steel substrates

Kumar,

Rachwani,

Kumar Singh

2024

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J:

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, better machinability metric results were obtained versus dry machining [14]. As a requirement of developing technology and sustainable manufacturing, MQL systems that consume less cutting fluid have attracted the attention of researchers [15]. In the MQL system, the liquid is sprayed in minimal amounts in a pulverized manner between the cutting tool and the w/p.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystal-Based Nanofluid on Milling Performance: An Investigation of Dillimax 690T

Usca

2023

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Machining high-strength structural steels often requires challenging processes. It is essential to improve the machinability of such materials, which are frequently needed in industrial manufacturing areas. Recently, it has become necessary to enhance the machinability of such materials using different nanopowders. In this study, different cooling/lubricating (C/L) liquids were prepared with cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) nanopowder. The aim was to improve the machinability properties of Dillimax 690T material with the prepared CNC-based cutting fluids. CNC nanopowders were added to 0.5% distilled water by volume, and a new nanofluid was produced. Unlike previous studies, base synthetic oil and CNC-based cutting fluid were sprayed on the cutting area with a double minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) system. Machinability tests were carried out by milling. Two different cutting speeds (Vc = 120–150 m/min), two different feed rates (f = 0.05–0.075 mm/tooth), and four different C/L environments (dry, MQL oil, CNC nanofluid, MQL oil + CNC nanofluid) were used in the experiments. In the study, where a total of 16 experiments were performed, cutting temperature (Tc), surface roughness (Ra), tool wear (Vb), and energy consumption results were analyzed in detail. According to the test results, significant improvements were achieved in the machinability properties of the material in the experiments carried out using CNC nanofluid. In particular, the hybrid C/L environment using MQL oil + CNC nanofluid improved all machinability metrics by over 15% compared to dry machining. In short, using CNC nanopowders offers a good milling process of Dillimax 690T material with effective lubrication and cooling ability.

show abstract

“…Due to their poor processing parameters, several researchers are interested in the sustainable machining of superalloys. The use of MQL is a viable technique for providing the lubricating effect at interface (Gupta et al, 2023) and also helps in achieving the outstanding surface smoothness. Race et al, (2021) investigated that prior to cutting tests, Tool wear efficacy while utilizing Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) was checked using typical tribological high-frequency reciprocating testing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel approach of tool condition monitoring in sustainable machining of Ni alloy with transfer learning models

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cutting tool condition is crucial in metal cutting. In-process tool failures significantly influences the surface roughness, power consumption, and process endurance. Industries are interested in supervisory systems that anticipate the health of the tool. A methodology that utilizes the information to predict problems and to avoid failures must be embraced. In recent years, several machine learning-based predictive modelling strategies for estimating tool wear have been emerged. However, due to intricate tool wear mechanisms, doing so with limited datasets confronts difficulties under varying operating conditions. This article proposes the use of transfer learning technology to detect tool wear, especially flank wear under distinct cutting environments (dry, flood, MQL and cryogenic). In this study, the state of the cutting tool was determined using the pre-trained networks like AlexNet, VGG-16, ResNet, MobileNet, and Inception-V3. The best-performing network was recommended for tool condition monitoring, considering the effects of hyperparameters such as batch size, learning rate, solver, and train-test split ratio. In light of this, the recommended methodology may prove to be highly helpful for classifying and suggesting the suitable cutting conditions, especially under limited data situation. The transfer learning model with Inception-V3 is extremely useful for intelligent machining applications.

show abstract

Wear and Friction Mechanism of Stainless Steel 420 Under Various Lubrication Conditions: A Tribological Assessment With Ball on Flat Test

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Dry sliding wear behavior of hard-chrome and zinc-phosphate conversion coatings on steel substrates

Dry sliding wear behavior of hard-chrome and zinc-phosphate conversion coatings on steel substrates

The Effect of Cellulose Nanocrystal-Based Nanofluid on Milling Performance: An Investigation of Dillimax 690T

A novel approach of tool condition monitoring in sustainable machining of Ni alloy with transfer learning models

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About