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Managing the metal's texture throughout the entire processing procedure is imperative for controlling the final properties of metal alloys. In the aerospace industry, α‐Ti alloys have been successfully utilized in applications such as aircraft skins, heat shields, and heat exchangers. However, inherent mechanical strength, fatigue sensitivity, and fracture toughness limitations have significantly restricted their wider adoption. On the other hand, β‐Ti alloys have received increasing attention in the biomedical field due to their lower elastic modulus. However, their actual application has been primarily restricted by the inability to match natural bone's Young's modulus sufficiently. Among these application limitations for both α‐Ti and β‐Ti alloys, texture is an essential factor affecting mechanical properties. Elucidating texture evolution on α‐Ti and β‐Ti alloys is crucial for enabling the expansion of their applications. This review summarizes detailed analyses of the intertwined evolution of texture and microstructure in α‐Ti and β‐Ti alloys during cold rolling, hot rolling, and annealing. Furthermore, based on these fundamental materials science insights, the resultant impact of texture and microstructure on achieving targeted mechanical properties is discussed. Finally, potential pathways are proposed to further guide texture and microstructure evolution in α‐Ti and β‐Ti alloys to meet application requirements.
Managing the metal's texture throughout the entire processing procedure is imperative for controlling the final properties of metal alloys. In the aerospace industry, α‐Ti alloys have been successfully utilized in applications such as aircraft skins, heat shields, and heat exchangers. However, inherent mechanical strength, fatigue sensitivity, and fracture toughness limitations have significantly restricted their wider adoption. On the other hand, β‐Ti alloys have received increasing attention in the biomedical field due to their lower elastic modulus. However, their actual application has been primarily restricted by the inability to match natural bone's Young's modulus sufficiently. Among these application limitations for both α‐Ti and β‐Ti alloys, texture is an essential factor affecting mechanical properties. Elucidating texture evolution on α‐Ti and β‐Ti alloys is crucial for enabling the expansion of their applications. This review summarizes detailed analyses of the intertwined evolution of texture and microstructure in α‐Ti and β‐Ti alloys during cold rolling, hot rolling, and annealing. Furthermore, based on these fundamental materials science insights, the resultant impact of texture and microstructure on achieving targeted mechanical properties is discussed. Finally, potential pathways are proposed to further guide texture and microstructure evolution in α‐Ti and β‐Ti alloys to meet application requirements.
The Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr (Ti-5553) alloy is a relatively novel difficult-to-cut material with limited machinability and tool life analysis available in the literature, and hence requires further investigation. This study focuses on the machining and tribological performance of Ti-5553 under high-speed finish turning (150 m/min, 175 m/min, and 200 m/min) via novel mono/bi-layered PVD-coated WC tools. A base AlTiN coating is used as the reference monolayer coating, with AlCrN, diamond-like ta-C, and TiAlSiN coatings each deposited on top of a base AlTiN coating, totaling four separate coated tools (one monolayer and three bi-layer). Tool life, cutting forces, workpiece surface quality, and tribological chip analysis are among the subjects of investigation in this study. Overall, the AlTiN/AlCrN coated tool outperformed all the other combinations: an improvement of ~19% in terms of tool life in reference to the base AlTiN coating when averaging across the three speeds; lowest surface roughness values: ~0.30, 0.33, and 0.64 µm; as well as the lowest chip back surface roughness values: ~0.80, 0.68, and 0.81 µm at 150, 175, and 200 m/min, respectively. These results indicate that the AlTiN/AlCrN coating is an excellent candidate for industrial applications involving high-speed machining of Ti-5553.
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