Wear performance of neat and vitamin E blended highly cross-linked PE under severe conditions: The combined effect of accelerated ageing and third body particles during wear test

Affatato, Saverio; Mattia, Jonathan Salvatore De; Bracco, Pierangiola; Pavoni, Eleonora; Taddei, Paola

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2016.08.003

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…). The linearity of our steady‐state region ( R 2 = 0.99) was comparable to the steady‐state linearity measured in previous human hip simulator studies ( R 2 range = 0.90–1.00) . These results indicate that the 1.1 million duration of this short‐term study was able to estimate the run‐in wear and steady‐state wear of the canine MoP bearing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The linearity of our steady-state region (R 2 ¼ 0.99) was comparable to the steady-state linearity measured in previous human hip simulator studies (R 2 range ¼ 0.90-1.00). 43,45 These results indicate that the 1.1 million duration of this short-term study was able to estimate the run-in wear and steady-state wear of the canine MoP bearing. Although test durations of five million cycles are recommended to fully characterize bearings in human hip implants, 25 simulator studies have also used short-term tests between 0.5 and 2.5 million cycles to evaluate wear in human THA, [45][46][47][48] which is reasonable since the wear of crosslinked polyethylene in simulators is consistently shown to be highly linear with cycle count and hence predictable once a steady-state wear rate is achieved.…”

Section: Canine Hip Resurfacingmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…These results indicate that the 1.1 million duration of this short‐term study was able to estimate the run‐in wear and steady‐state wear of the canine MoP bearing. Although test durations of five million cycles are recommended to fully characterize bearings in human hip implants, simulator studies have also used short‐term tests between 0.5 and 2.5 million cycles to evaluate wear in human THA, which is reasonable since the wear of cross‐linked polyethylene in simulators is consistently shown to be highly linear with cycle count and hence predictable once a steady‐state wear rate is achieved . Therefore, the steady‐state wear rate of 0.99 mg/Mc measured in this short‐term study is likely a reliable estimate for the canine hip implant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Wear testing of a canine hip resurfacing implant that uses highly cross‐linked polyethylene

Warburton

Everingham

Helms

et al. 2017

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Hip resurfacing offers advantages for young, active patients afflicted with hip osteoarthritis and may also be a beneficial treatment for adult canines. Conventional hip resurfacing uses metal-on-metal bearings to preserve bone stock, but it may be feasible to use metal-on-polyethylene bearings to reduce metal wear debris while still preserving bone. This study characterized the short-term wear behavior of a novel hip resurfacing implant for canines that uses a 1.5 mm thick liner of highly cross-linked polyethylene in the acetabular component. This implant was tested in an orbital bearing machine that simulated canine gait for 1.1 million cycles. Wear of the liner was evaluated using gravimetric analysis and by measuring wear depth with an optical scanner. The liners had a steady-state mass wear rate of 0.99 ± 0.17 mg per million cycles and an average wear depth in the central liner region of 0.028 mm. No liners, shells, or femoral heads had any catastrophic failure due to yielding or fracture. These results suggest that the thin liners will not prematurely crack after implantation in canines. This is the first hip resurfacing device developed for canines, and this study is the first to characterize the in vitro wear of highly cross-linked polyethylene liners in a hip resurfacing implant. The canine implant developed in this study may be an attractive treatment option for canines afflicted with hip osteoarthritis, and since canines are the preferred animal model for human hip replacement, this implant can support the development of metal-on-polyethylene hip resurfacing technology for human patients. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1196-1205, 2018.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Canine Hip Resurfacingmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Wear testing of a canine hip resurfacing implant that uses highly cross‐linked polyethylene

Warburton

Everingham

Helms

et al. 2017

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…Some attempts have been made to use several natural compounds for the stabilization of polymers, and specifically of polyolefins as well. Vitamin E proved to be a very efficient stabilizer [2][3][4][5] and it is presently used as antioxidant in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene implants [6][7][8]. Because of its polyaromatic structure lignin also stabilizes polymers in some extent as proved by several studies both in polyethylene and in polypropylene indeed [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Long term stabilization of PE by the controlled release of a natural antioxidant from halloysite nanotubes

Hári

Sárközi

Földes

et al. 2018

Polymer Degradation and Stability

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A natural antioxidant, quercetin, was adsorbed on the surface of halloysite nanotubes in various amounts to prepare a controlled release device. The combined additive was added to polyethylene providing antioxidant levels of 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm. All polymer samples contained 1000 ppm Sandostab PEPQ phosphonite secondary antioxidant as well. The stabilizing efficiency of quercetin was determined in processing experiments and by accelerated ageing. Quercetin proved to be a very efficient stabilizer of polyethylene. The use of the halloysite nanotube support resulted in more homogeneous dispersion and facilitated the dissolution of the compound in the polymer. Because of the high energy of halloysite surface, the stabilizer adhered to it very strongly and did not dissolve in polyethylene below a critical concentration. The melt stabilization efficiency of quercetin did not decrease in the presence of the halloysite support. The efficiency of long term stabilization decreased somewhat, but halloysite nanotubes pretreated with the stabilizer possessed a controlled release function, ageing was slower in their presence than with separately dispersed components or in the absence of the halloysite.

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“…Some attempts have been made to use several natural compounds for the stabilization of polymers, and specifically polyolefins as well. Vitamin E proved to be a very efficient stabilizer [2][3][4][5] and it is presently used as antioxidant in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene implants [6][7][8]. Because of its polyaromatic structure and the number of phenolic hydroxyl groups in it, lignin is expected to have some stabilization effect in polymers, and several studies proved the assumption both in polyethylene and in polypropylene indeed [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural antioxidants as melt stabilizers for PE: Comparison of silymarin and quercetin

Kirschweng

Vörös

Tátraaljai

et al. 2017

European Polymer Journal

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The stabilization effect of two flavonoid type natural antioxidants, silymarin (Si) and quercetin (Q), was compared in polyethylene (PE). Additive concentrations changed between 0 and 500 ppm in several steps and 1000 ppm Sandostab PEPQ phosphorus containing secondary stabilizer was also added to each compound. Stabilization efficiency was determined by changes in functional group (vinyl, residual PEPQ) content, melt flow rate (MFR), oxygen induction time (OIT), color and the consumption of the secondary antioxidant during multiple extrusions. The results showed that silymarin is a much less efficient stabilizer in polyethylene than quercetin. The consumption of vinyl groups is faster, melt flow rate and residual stability is smaller in its presence. Silymarin contains less active phenolic hydroxyls than quercetin, but comparison on equal molar basis also shows the inferiority of the compound. The difference can be partially explained by the larger bond dissociation enthalpies of the hydrogens in silymarin, but this antioxidant also accelerates the consumption of the phosphorous secondary stabilizer that must contribute to its smaller efficiency as well. DSC measurements indicate the interaction of the two compounds probably leading to the faster consumption of the phosphorous antioxidant and poor stabilization. Unlike quercetin and dihydromyricetin, the flavonoid type natural antioxidants studied earlier, silymarin is not a good candidate as stabilizer for practical applications.

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Wear performance of neat and vitamin E blended highly cross-linked PE under severe conditions: The combined effect of accelerated ageing and third body particles during wear test

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Wear testing of a canine hip resurfacing implant that uses highly cross‐linked polyethylene

Wear testing of a canine hip resurfacing implant that uses highly cross‐linked polyethylene

Long term stabilization of PE by the controlled release of a natural antioxidant from halloysite nanotubes

Natural antioxidants as melt stabilizers for PE: Comparison of silymarin and quercetin

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