2019
DOI: 10.3390/electronics8121481
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Wearable Sensors to Characterize the Autonomic Nervous System Correlates of Food-Like Odors Perception: A Pilot Study

Abstract: Background: The sense of smell has been recently recognized as one of the most important sensory features in the human being, representing a reliable biomarker for a number of clinical conditions. The relationship between olfactory function and the person’s attitude towards food has frequently been investigated, often using questionnaires. The administration of minimally invasive methods for characterizing autonomic nervous system (ANS) functionality could help in objectivizing such measurements. Methods: The … Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(25 citation statements)
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“…Therefore, due to the brain-skin connection, the changes of the information of EEG signals are mapped on the changes of the information of GSR signals. In fact, the obtained results for the reaction of the skin to odors are valid according to the findings in [31], which showed the alterations in the GSR signals in response to olfactory stimulations (odors). Therefore, as was mentioned before, since we chose a very small amount of each odor (0.01 ml), the alterations of the information of EEG and GSR signals were not significant.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 81%
“…Therefore, due to the brain-skin connection, the changes of the information of EEG signals are mapped on the changes of the information of GSR signals. In fact, the obtained results for the reaction of the skin to odors are valid according to the findings in [31], which showed the alterations in the GSR signals in response to olfactory stimulations (odors). Therefore, as was mentioned before, since we chose a very small amount of each odor (0.01 ml), the alterations of the information of EEG and GSR signals were not significant.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 81%
“…Both those signals are normally correlated with the activation of the ANS, thus representing a useful, non-invasive means to assess its functioning, as demonstrated in [ 26 , 27 ].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To objectively and quantitatively assess the physiological response to olfactory stimulation, several strategies have been adopted throughout the years, with a number of either invasive or unobtrusive techniques applied, each displaying significant drawbacks in terms of applicability, acceptability and informativity [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. A reasonable solution, merging acceptability, low cost and reliability and providing useful information about the physiological reactions to odorous stimuli is represented by the assessment of biomedical signals triggered by the activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), including electrocardiogram (ECG) and galvanic skin response (GSR), already studied in relationship with the olfactory assessment [ 26 , 27 ]. Such signals can be acquired in a completely non-invasive manner using wearable sensors, as demonstrated in several literature works published to date (e.g., [ 26 , 27 ]).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…More than any other sensory modality, olfaction is like emotion in attributing positive (appetitive) or negative (aversive) valence to the environment. To objectively and quantitatively assess the physiological response to olfactory stimulation, a reasonable solution, merging acceptability, affordability and reliability, and providing useful information about the physiological reactions to odorous stimuli, is represented by the assessment of biomedical signals triggered by the activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), including electrocardiogram (ECG) and galvanic skin response (GSR), already studied in relation to the olfactory assessment [49][50][51]. Such signals can be acquired in a completely non-invasive manner using wearable sensors, as demonstrated in several works published to date [49][50][51].…”
Section: Olfactory Determinations For Food Shelf Life Assessment: Principles and Main Issuesmentioning
confidence: 99%