Wearing blue light-blocking glasses in the evening advances circadian rhythms in the patients with delayed sleep phase disorder: An open-label trial

Esaki, Yuichi; Kitajima, Tsuyoshi; Ito, Yasuhiro; Koike, Shigefumi; Nakao, Yasumi; Tsuchiya, Asato; Hirose, Masao; Iwata, Nakao

doi:10.1080/07420528.2016.1194289

Cited by 105 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In line with our results, Esaki et al. () found that DLMO and sleep onset advanced in patients with delayed sleep phase syndrome after 2 weeks of wearing blue‐light‐blocking glasses in the evening (Esaki et al., ). Another study found a similar advance by using blue‐light‐blocking glasses in conjunction with supplementary light in the morning, but also enforced earlier bedtimes (in contrast to our protocol that allowed subjects to freely choose when they retired to bed; Appleman et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Strategies to decrease social jetlag: Reducing evening blue light advances sleep and melatonin

Zerbini

Kantermann

Merrow

2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

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The timing of sleep is under the control of the circadian clock, which uses light to entrain to the external light‐dark cycle. A combination of genetic, physiological and environmental factors produces individual differences in chronotype (entrained phase as manifest in sleep timing). A mismatch between circadian and societal (e.g., work) clocks leads to a condition called social jetlag, which is characterized by changing sleep times over work and free days and accumulation of sleep debt. Social jetlag, which is prevalent in late chronotypes, has been related to several health issues. One way to reduce social jetlag would be to advance the circadian clock via modifications of the light environment. We thus performed two intervention field studies to describe methods for decreasing social jetlag. One study decreased evening light exposure (via blue‐light‐blocking glasses) and the other used increased morning light (via the use of curtains). We measured behaviour as well as melatonin; the latter in order to validate that behaviour was consistent with this neuroendocrinological phase marker of the circadian clock. We found that a decrease in evening blue light exposure led to an advance in melatonin and sleep onset on workdays. Increased morning light exposure advanced neither melatonin secretion nor sleep timing. Neither protocol led to a significant change in social jetlag. Despite this, our findings show that controlling light exposure at home can be effective in advancing melatonin secretion and sleep, thereby helping late chronotypes to better cope with early social schedules.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Strategies to decrease social jetlag: Reducing evening blue light advances sleep and melatonin

Zerbini

Kantermann

Merrow

2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

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“…The change in measured activity could be due to a shift in the diurnal variation previously demonstrated in the PIPR . In a similar study in which subjects with delayed sleep phase disorder wore blue light‐blocking glasses from 9:00 pm to bedtime, dim light melatonin onset was shown to advance by 78 min . While the previous study did not measure pupil responses, circadian shifts in melatonin suggest that the ipRGCs may also be undergoing circadian changes, as the ipRGC pathway ultimately leads to the pineal gland to control the release of melatonin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…36 In a similar study in which subjects with delayed sleep phase disorder wore blue light-blocking glasses from 9:00 pm to bedtime, dim light melatonin onset was shown to advance by 78 min. 53 While the previous study did not measure pupil responses, circadian shifts in melatonin suggest that the ipRGCs may also be undergoing circadian changes, as the ipRGC pathway ultimately leads to the pineal gland to control the release of melatonin. The increase in PIPR seen here suggests that a clinically significant change was induced in the ipRGCs as seen by the subsequent downstream increase in night-time melatonin and increase in objectively measured sleep duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Attenuation of short wavelengths alters sleep and the ipRGC pupil response

Ostrin

Abbott

Queener

2017

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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The use of short wavelength-blocking glasses at night increased subjectively measured sleep quality and objectively measured melatonin levels and sleep duration, presumably as a result of decreased night-time stimulation of ipRGCs. Alterations in the ipRGC-driven pupil response suggest a shift in circadian phase. Results suggest that minimising short wavelength light following sunset may help in regulating sleep patterns.

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“…No severe side effects were reported, but two manic patients had emerging depressive symptoms that were diminished in less than 1 day [25]. Other trials have also used blue-blocking glasses at night as a treatment for sleep-wake disorders and affective disorders [26][27][28][29]. Still, these trials have been small and/or in homogeneous samples with a specified disorder, and have required the study participants to adhere to a protocol at specified times of the day (resting in forced darkness or wearing glasses).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pragmatic effectiveness randomized controlled trial of duration of psychiatric hospitalization in a trans-diagnostic sample of patients with acute mental illness admitted to a ward with either blue depleted evening lighting or normal lighting conditions

Scott¹,

Langsrud

Kjørstad³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Introduction There is increasing recognition of the need to stabilize sleep-wake cycles in individuals with major mental disorders. As such, clinicians and researchers advocate for the use of interventions targeted at sleep and circadian dysrhythmias as an adjunct to the standard treatments offered for acute illness episodes of a broad range of diagnoses. To determine the trans-diagnostic generalizability of chronotherapy, we explore the benefits of admitting individuals with an acute illness episode to a psychiatric inpatient unit where changes in light exposure are integrated into the therapeutic environment. Methods A two-arm pragmatic effectiveness randomized controlled treatment trial, where individuals admitted for acute inpatient psychiatric care will be allocated to a ward with blue depleted evening light or to a ward with the same layout and facilities but lacking the new lighting technology. The trial will test whether the experimental lighting conditions offer any additional benefits beyond those associated with usual treatment in an acute psychiatric inpatient unit. The main objectives are to examine any differences between groups in the mean duration of hospitalization in days. Additional analyses will compare group differences in symptoms, functioning, medication usage, and side-effects and whether length of stay is associated with stability of sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms. Ancillary investigations will determine any benefits according to diagnostic subgroups and potential drawbacks such as any adverse effects on the well-being of professionals working across both wards. Discussion This unit offers a unique opportunity to explore how exposure to different lighting conditions may modify sleep-wake cycles and how any changes in sleep-wake cycle may impact on the clinical and functional outcomes of individuals experiencing an acute episode of a severe mental disorder that requires inpatient care. The findings could influence the future design of hospital units offering care to patients with mental or physical disorders. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03788993, retrospectively registered Dec 28th 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03788993.

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Wearing blue light-blocking glasses in the evening advances circadian rhythms in the patients with delayed sleep phase disorder: An open-label trial

Cited by 105 publications

References 33 publications

Strategies to decrease social jetlag: Reducing evening blue light advances sleep and melatonin

Strategies to decrease social jetlag: Reducing evening blue light advances sleep and melatonin

Attenuation of short wavelengths alters sleep and the ipRGC pupil response

A pragmatic effectiveness randomized controlled trial of duration of psychiatric hospitalization in a trans-diagnostic sample of patients with acute mental illness admitted to a ward with either blue depleted evening lighting or normal lighting conditions

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