Weathering the Cytokine Storm in Susceptible Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Lipworth, Brian J.; Chan, Rory; Lipworth, Samuel; Kuo, Chris RuiWen

doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2020.04.014

Cited by 53 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Nervous system manifestations (chiefly CNS ones) can be notably explained by neurotropic and neuroinvasive capacities of coronaviruses with subsequent inflammatory and demyelinating processes [64,65]. Briefly, potential mechanisms of COVID-19 neurological complications include cytokine dysregulation with upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion (TNF-alpha, IL-1-beta, IL-6) by neuronal and glial cells [66,67], peripheral immune cells (myeloid cells), transmigration [68], post-infectious autoimmunity [31,67], and gut microbial translocation (involving the gut-brain axis) [67,69].…”

Section: Neurological Manifestations Of Covd-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a Multi-Systemic Disease and its Impact in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs)

Temgoua

Endomba

Nkeck

et al. 2020

SN Compr. Clin. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Currently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the priority of the global health agenda. Since the first case was reported in Wuhan, China, this infection has continued to spread and has been considered as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) within 3 months of its outbreak. Several studies have been done to better understand the pathogenesis and clinical aspects of the disease. It appears that COVID-19 affects almost all body organs due to the direct effect of the virus and its induced widespread inflammatory response. This multi-systemic aspect of the disease has to be inculcated in COVID-19 management by health providers to improve patient outcomes. This strategy could help curb the burden of the disease especially in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) like most African countries where the pandemic is at an "embryonic" stage.

show abstract

Section: Neurological Manifestations Of Covd-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a Multi-Systemic Disease and its Impact in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs)

Temgoua

Endomba

Nkeck

et al. 2020

SN Compr. Clin. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The latter can further stimulate the activation of these pro‐inflammatory transcription factors, creating a positive feedback loop (Hirano & Murakami, 2020). The end result of this process, in vulnerable individuals, is what is known as a “cytokine storm” or “inflammatory storm,” leading to lung damage as well as multiple organ dysfunction (Lipworth, Chan, Lipworth, & Kuo, 2020). Thus, the pathophysiology of COVID‐19 is complex and involves both direct viral infection as well as immune/inflammatory mechanisms.…”

Section: Action Mechanism Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium as a candidate treatment for COVID‐19: Promises and pitfalls

Rajkumar

2020

Drug Development Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pandemic of respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS‐nCoV‐2) is a global health crisis. Despite numerous preliminary results, there is as yet no treatment of proven efficacy for this condition. In this context, the pharmacological properties of lithium, better known as a treatment for mood disorders, merit closer examination. Lithium has shown in vitro efficacy at inhibiting the replication of coronaviruses responsible for gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases in animals. It has immunomodulatory properties that may be of additional benefit in moderating the host inflammatory response to the novel coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2). Furthermore, there is evidence that lithium may exert a protective action against upper respiratory infections and influenza‐like illnesses in patients taking it for other indications. These promising reports must be balanced against the narrow therapeutic index and high risk of toxicity associated with lithium therapy, its documented interactions with several commonly used drugs, and the absence of evidence of its efficacy against coronaviruses responsible for human disease. Nevertheless, naturalistic studies of the risk of COVID‐19 in patients already receiving lithium could provide indirect evidence of its efficacy, and understanding the putative antiviral and immune‐regulatory mechanisms of lithium in models of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection may provide leads for the development of safer and more effective treatments with a specific action against COVID‐19.

show abstract

“…Biomarkers of hyper-inflammation in SARS-CoV-2 infection include CRP, IL-6, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and D-dimer [9]. Serum levels of these hyper-inflammation biomarkers were very high in our patient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Thymalin as a Potential Alternative in the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Associated with SARS-CoV-2

Sergey¹,

Boris²,

Konstantin³

et al. 2020

Int J Immunol Immunother

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Weathering the Cytokine Storm in Susceptible Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Cited by 53 publications

References 24 publications

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a Multi-Systemic Disease and its Impact in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs)

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a Multi-Systemic Disease and its Impact in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs)

Lithium as a candidate treatment for COVID‐19: Promises and pitfalls

Thymalin as a Potential Alternative in the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Associated with SARS-CoV-2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About